本文關(guān)鍵詞：“做”黑衣壯：認(rèn)同歷史與文化表征　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2006年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：黑衣壯族群是主要分布在廣西壯族自治區(qū)那坡縣境內(nèi)的一個(gè)壯族支系。在文獻(xiàn)和已有研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，本文對(duì)近年來黑衣壯族群文化和民俗旅游開發(fā)的過程進(jìn)行了人類學(xué)田野調(diào)查，并對(duì)黑衣壯人的族群認(rèn)同與文化表征在這一過程中發(fā)生的變遷加以理論分析。以個(gè)案分析為基礎(chǔ)，本文試圖對(duì)人類學(xué)族群認(rèn)同理論提出自己的某些意見和看法。 本文認(rèn)為，黑衣壯族群認(rèn)同與文化表征的內(nèi)涵和變遷必須放在具體的歷史進(jìn)程中才能夠得以理解。從20世紀(jì)30年代開始，，廣西民國政府以民族-國家現(xiàn)代化話語來證明所推行的民族同化運(yùn)動(dòng)的合法性，黑衣壯人在文化和生活方式上存在著較明顯的差異性，因此逐漸被排斥到主流社會(huì)的心理、文化和政治邊緣，并在時(shí)代主流話語中被想象為阻礙現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的他者。黑衣壯人也在這一邊緣化過程中逐漸形成自身的“污名化”認(rèn)同，形成了初步的族群意識(shí)。為了回應(yīng)主流社會(huì)的話語與現(xiàn)實(shí)暴力，黑衣壯人以民間道教信仰等本族群特有的文化因素為原料，發(fā)展出一套從“主位”立場(chǎng)對(duì)外部世界和他群加以文化想象和評(píng)價(jià)的話語。在這一過程中，黑衣壯人的自我、人觀、倫理觀等文化認(rèn)知內(nèi)容也隨之發(fā)生改變。 中華人民共和國成立后，黑衣壯人與當(dāng)?shù)仄渌麎炎遄迦褐饾u接受新生的壯族認(rèn)同并以此為文化自我和社會(huì)身份的重要標(biāo)志，各族群間的隔閡也逐漸得到修復(fù)。但是，階級(jí)成分的劃分在黑衣壯人中生產(chǎn)出新的另類他者，歷次政治運(yùn)動(dòng)也對(duì)黑衣壯人的生活方式和文化傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)烈的沖擊。20世紀(jì)90年代后，追求現(xiàn)代化與弘揚(yáng)民族特性的全球化話語成為時(shí)代的主流話語。由于全球化話語內(nèi)在的矛盾性，在民族性與現(xiàn)代性兩種話語的觀照下，被主流社會(huì)想象為“壯族傳統(tǒng)文化的活化石”的黑衣壯人及其文化與生活方式被涂抹上不同的色彩。一方面被視為某種浪漫的、具有鮮明民族特色的存在；另一方面又因?yàn)槠湮镔|(zhì)生活和技術(shù)上的匱乏而被主流社會(huì)所歧視。在文化表征過程中，黑衣壯人發(fā)揮自身的能動(dòng)性與地方政府、大眾傳媒、學(xué)術(shù)界進(jìn)行話語和實(shí)踐上的博弈，使文化自我的建構(gòu)與表征形式更為豐富也更具多樣性，以修復(fù)社會(huì)文化變遷和話語的象征暴力帶來的“自我的碎片化”創(chuàng)傷，維系生活世界的穩(wěn)定和意義。黑衣壯人的族群認(rèn)同也在多
[Abstract]:Heiyi Zhuang nationality group is a branch of Zhuang nationality which is mainly distributed in Napo County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region. It is based on the literature and existing research results. This paper makes an anthropological field survey on the process of the development of the culture and folklore tourism of the Black-Yi Zhuang nationality in recent years. The paper also makes a theoretical analysis of the changes in the process of ethnic identity and cultural representation of the Black-clad Zhuang people, based on the case study. This paper attempts to put forward some views on anthropological ethnic identity theory. This paper holds that the connotation and changes of the identity and cultural representation of the Black clothing Zhuang ethnic group must be placed in the specific historical process to be understood. Since 1930s. The government of the Republic of Guangxi has proved the legitimacy of the national assimilation movement with the discourse of national-state modernization. There are obvious differences in the culture and lifestyle of the people in black clothes. As a result, they are gradually excluded from the psychological, cultural and political margins of the mainstream society. In the mainstream discourse of the times, he was imagined as the other who obstructed the process of modernization. In this process of marginalization, the Zhuang people in black gradually formed their own identity of "stigmatization". In order to respond to the discourse and real violence in the mainstream society, the people in black dress take folk Taoism belief as the raw material. Develop a set of themes. In the course of this process, the cultural cognitive contents of the Black-clad Zhuang people, such as the ego, the human view, the ethics view, and so on, have also changed along with the discourse of cultural imagination and evaluation of the outside world and other groups. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Black-clad Zhuang and other local Zhuang ethnic groups gradually accepted the new Zhuang identity as an important symbol of cultural self and social identity. Divisions between ethnic groups were gradually being repaired, but the division of class elements produced new alternatives among the strong in black. Previous political movements also had a strong impact on the way of life and cultural traditions of the Zhuang people in black. After 90s of the 20th century. The pursuit of modernization and the promotion of the national identity of the globalization discourse has become the mainstream discourse of the times, because of the inherent contradiction of the globalization discourse, under the consideration of two kinds of discourse, nationality and modernity. The black-clad Zhuang people, their culture and way of life, who are imagined as "living fossils of Zhuang's traditional culture" by the mainstream society, are smeared with different colors. On the one hand, they are regarded as some kind of romantic existence with distinct national characteristics. On the other hand, they are discriminated by the mainstream society because of their lack of material life and technology. In the process of cultural representation, the black clothes Zhuang people play their own initiative and local government, mass media. The academic circles play games on discourse and practice, which make the forms of cultural self-construction and representation richer and more diverse, in order to repair the "fragmentation" wound caused by social and cultural changes and symbolic violence of discourse. To maintain the stability and significance of the world of life. The ethnic identity of the Zhuang in black is also increasing
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：C95

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