本文選題：新生兒 + 奈韋拉平��； 參考：《中國(guó)艾滋病性病》2017年06期

【摘要】：目的比較新生兒使用奈韋拉平(NVP)或齊多夫定(AZT)進(jìn)行艾滋病病毒(HIV)母嬰傳播阻斷的不良反應(yīng),探討相應(yīng)護(hù)理措施。方法 2014年1月至2016年1月期間,確診HIV感染孕婦分娩的60名新生兒,隨機(jī)服用NVP或AZT,每組各30人。觀察記錄其進(jìn)行HIV母嬰阻斷28天服藥期間發(fā)生的不良反應(yīng),及相應(yīng)護(hù)理措施的效果。結(jié)果 60名新生兒,男性36人,女性24人,出生時(shí)平均孕周(37.50±2.10)周,平均體重(2 590.83±180.98)g,1分鐘Apgar評(píng)分中位數(shù)9分,兩組基本資料差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。NVP組和AZT組服藥后主要不良反應(yīng)為:皮疹(40.00%vs 16.67%)、嘔吐(50.00%vs 26.67%)、腹脹(40.00%vs 16.67%)、肝損害(33.33%vs 6.67%)、輕度貧血(36.67%vs 60.00%)及白細(xì)胞減少(30.00%vs 56.67%)。NVP組較AZT組容易發(fā)生皮疹、腹脹及肝損害(P0.05),但較少出現(xiàn)白細(xì)胞減少(P0.05)。針對(duì)各種不良反應(yīng),除給予藥物處理外,均實(shí)施相應(yīng)護(hù)理措施,新生兒服藥期間所發(fā)生的不良反應(yīng)均得到有效控制,無(wú)一例停藥或換藥,且出生后42天HIV核糖核酸載量檢測(cè)均20拷貝/mL。結(jié)論使用NVP或AZT對(duì)新生兒進(jìn)行HIV母嬰阻斷,均可出現(xiàn)皮疹、嘔吐、腹脹、肝損害、輕度貧血和白細(xì)胞減少等不良反應(yīng),經(jīng)過(guò)治療及綜合護(hù)理,新生兒基本可以耐受。
[Abstract]:Objective to compare the adverse effects of nevirapine (NVP) or azidovudine (AZT) on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV / AIDS (HIV / AIDS) and to explore the corresponding nursing measures. Methods from January 2014 to January 2016, 60 newborns with HIV infection were randomly given NVP or AZT, 30 in each group. The adverse reactions occurred during 28 days of HIV block and the effect of corresponding nursing measures were observed and recorded. Results 60 newborns, 36 males and 24 females, were born with an average gestational week of 37.50 鹵2.10 weeks and an average weight of 2 590.83 鹵180.98 g / min with a median Apgar score of 9 points. There was no significant difference in the basic data between the two groups. The main adverse reactions after taking medicine in the two groups were: rashes 40.00v vs 16.67m, vomiting 50.00v 26.67m, abdominal distension 40.00g vs 16.67g, liver damage 33.3333 vs 6.67m, mild anemia 36.67 vs 60.000.The leukocytopenia 30.005% vs AZT group was more prone to rash than that of AZT group. Abdominal distension and liver damage were found in P0.05, but leukocytopenia was rare. According to all kinds of adverse reactions, except for the drug treatment, the corresponding nursing measures were carried out. The adverse reactions occurred during the period of taking medicine of the newborn were all effectively controlled, and none of them stopped or changed the medicine. The HIV ribonucleic acid load was 20 copies / mL at 42 days after birth. Conclusion using NVP or AZT to block the mother and infant of the newborn with HIV can cause rash, vomiting, abdominal distension, liver damage, mild anemia and leukopenia, etc. After treatment and comprehensive nursing, the newborn can be tolerated basically.
【作者單位】： 廣州市第八人民醫(yī)院;
【基金】：廣州市醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生科技項(xiàng)目(20151A010056) 廣東省省級(jí)科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016B020238002) 廣州市科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃健康醫(yī)療協(xié)同創(chuàng)新重大專項(xiàng)(201508020256)~~
【分類號(hào)】：R473.72

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