本文關(guān)鍵詞： 職業(yè)性肌肉骨骼疾病 護理人員 防護知識 防護態(tài)度 防護行為　出處：《護理研究》2017年03期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：[目的]了解三級甲等醫(yī)院護理人員職業(yè)性肌肉骨骼疾病損傷現(xiàn)狀以及防護知識、態(tài)度、行為情況,為護理人員職業(yè)性肌肉骨骼疾病的防治提供科學的理論依據(jù)。[方法]采用分層整群抽樣的方法,從烏魯木齊市三級甲等醫(yī)院中隨機抽取2所綜合醫(yī)院和2所�？漆t(yī)院的1 342名護理人員,應用護理人員職業(yè)性肌肉骨骼疾病癥狀自評量表和自行設(shè)計的護理人員職業(yè)性肌肉骨骼疾病防護相關(guān)知識、態(tài)度、行為和組織支持調(diào)查問卷對1 342名護理人員進行調(diào)查。[結(jié)果]自參加護理工作至今,護理人員職業(yè)性肌肉骨骼疾病的患病率為87.93%,不同身體部位患病率由高到低分別為腰部(74.74%)、頸部(70.64%)、肩部(61.55%)、背部(51.04%)、膝部(41.88%)、踝足部(37.41%)、手腕部(26.53%)、髖臀部(26.53%)和肘部(18.55%);護理人員防護知識總分為(38.41±13.33)分,防護態(tài)度總分為(31.84±6.27)分,防護行為總分為(43.45±9.68)分。護理人員職業(yè)性肌肉骨骼疾病防護知識主要來源于書本、雜志和報紙,占42.92%,20.42%的護理人員從未接觸過職業(yè)性肌肉骨骼疾病防護相關(guān)知識。90.24%的醫(yī)院或科室無職業(yè)性肌肉骨骼疾病防護的體檢制度,11.69%有協(xié)助病人搬運或移動的機械裝置,15.35%的醫(yī)院或科室組織過職業(yè)性肌肉骨骼疾病防護技能的崗前或在崗培訓。[結(jié)論]三級甲等醫(yī)院護理人員職業(yè)性肌肉骨骼疾病患病率高,主要以腰部、頸部、肩部和背部患病為主,但護理人員缺乏職業(yè)性肌肉骨骼疾病的防護知識,防護行為不足,且醫(yī)院及科室支持不足,建議醫(yī)院相關(guān)部門及護理管理者加強對護理人員職業(yè)性肌肉骨骼疾病防護知識的培訓,引導護理人員形成正確的防護行為,促進其職業(yè)健康。
[Abstract]:[objective] to understand the present situation of occupational musculoskeletal disease injury and the knowledge, attitude and behavior of nurses in Grade 3A Hospital. To provide a scientific theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of occupational musculoskeletal diseases among nurses. [methods] stratified cluster sampling was used. A total of 1 342 nurses from 2 general hospitals and 2 specialized hospitals were randomly selected from Grade 3A Hospital in Urumqi. Using the symptom Checklist of Occupational Musculoskeletal Diseases of Nurses and the knowledge and attitude of Nursing staff on the Prevention of Occupational Musculoskeletal Diseases, The Behavioral and organizational support questionnaire surveyed 1,342 nursing staff. [results] from the time of participation in nursing work, The prevalence rate of occupational musculoskeletal diseases among nurses was 87.93.The prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases in different parts of the body was 74.74 in the waist, 70.64 in the neck, 61.5545 in the shoulder, 51.04 in the back, 41.88 in the knee, 37.41 in the ankle and foot, 26.53 in the wrist, 26.53 in the hip and 26.53 in the hip, and 18.5555 in the elbow. The total score of protective knowledge was 38.41 鹵13.33). The total score of protective attitude was 31.84 鹵6.27, and the total score of protective behavior was 43.45 鹵9.68. The nurses' knowledge of occupational musculoskeletal diseases mainly came from books, magazines and newspapers. Accounting for 42.92% of nurses have never come into contact with the knowledge of occupational musculoskeletal diseases. 90.24% of hospitals or departments have no medical examination system for occupational musculoskeletal diseases. 11.69% have mechanical devices to assist patients in handling or moving. 15.35% of doctors have medical equipment to assist patients in handling or moving occupational musculoskeletal diseases. The nursing staff of Grade 3A Hospital had a high prevalence rate of occupational musculoskeletal disease, and trained them in the post or on the job in order to protect themselves from occupational musculoskeletal diseases. [conclusion] the prevalence of occupational musculoskeletal diseases in nurses of Grade 3A Hospital was high. The main diseases were waist, neck, shoulder and back, but the nursing staff lacked the knowledge of occupational musculoskeletal disease, the protective behavior was insufficient, and the hospital and the department had insufficient support. It is suggested that hospital departments and nursing administrators should strengthen the training of nurses' knowledge of occupational musculoskeletal diseases, guide nurses to form correct protective behaviors and promote their occupational health.
【作者單位】： 新疆醫(yī)科大學護理學院;新疆醫(yī)科大學第一附屬醫(yī)院;
【基金】：新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)科學技術(shù)廳自然科學基金項目,編號:2015211C075
【分類號】：R47

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