基于GIS的慶陽市可利用土地資源評價研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-01 07:48
【摘要】：由于我國人口眾多，可利用土地面積有限，導(dǎo)致人均土地、耕地、林地和草地占有量均低于世界平均水平。隨著社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和人口的繼續(xù)增長，我國的人地矛盾日趨尖銳，如何合理利用有限的土地資源，協(xié)調(diào)人地關(guān)系顯得尤為重要。有計劃、有步驟地對后備土地資源進行開發(fā)和利用，在一定程度上可以有效地緩解人地矛盾，而后備土地資源的開發(fā)受到各種自然、社會和經(jīng)濟因素的制約，尋求更加穩(wěn)妥可靠的開發(fā)利用戰(zhàn)略是當(dāng)前一項緊迫的任務(wù)。借助GIS技術(shù)對后備可利用土地資源進行深入評價研究，有利于加強國土資源調(diào)查、規(guī)劃、管理、保護和合理利用，對全面推進國土資源信息化建設(shè)，加快國土資源現(xiàn)代化管理的步伐具有深遠的意義。 本文以甘肅省慶陽市為例，以慶陽市第二次土地調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)及社會經(jīng)濟統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)，以《省級主體功能區(qū)劃分技術(shù)規(guī)程》和《甘肅省主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃》為依據(jù)，利用GIS空間分析技術(shù)，以縣域為評價單元對慶陽市可利用土地資源進行評價。以期為慶陽市主體功能區(qū)的劃分提供依據(jù)。主要內(nèi)容如下： （1）可利用土地資源豐度評價 為了對慶陽市可利用土地資源的數(shù)量以及空間分布狀況展開研究，運用GIS空間分析技術(shù)，對慶陽市土地利用現(xiàn)狀圖、高程數(shù)字模型圖、坡度分級圖進行空間疊加，計算出慶陽市可利用土地資源的面積，并運用K-均值聚類分析進行豐度分級。結(jié)果表明：慶陽市的可利用土地資源的面積為3848.61km2，人均可利用土地資源面積0.14hm2/人�？衫猛恋刭Y源相對較豐富，但各個縣區(qū)分布不均衡，土地利用的制約因素較多，開發(fā)難度較大。 （2）可利用土地資源質(zhì)量評價 為了較好的評價慶陽市可利用土地資源的質(zhì)量情況，在地貌、地質(zhì)條件、氣候、區(qū)位條件四方面選取評價因子，構(gòu)建可利用土地資源質(zhì)量評價指標體系；采用層次分析法確定各指標的權(quán)重；運用Arcgis10.2空間分析功能，確定慶陽市可利用土地資源質(zhì)量的情況。評價結(jié)果表明：慶陽市可利用土地資源質(zhì)量分為四等地。一等地的面積為70605.00hm2，占可利用土地資源總面積的18.35％；二等地的面積為63639.95hm2，占可利用土地資源總面積的16.54％；三等地面積為91177.20hm2，占總面積的23.69％；四等地的面積為159438.93hm2，占總面積的41.43％。 （3）可利用土地資源潛力評價 根據(jù)慶陽市可利用土地資源豐度評價和質(zhì)量評價的結(jié)果，在可利用土地資源數(shù)量和質(zhì)量兩個方面選取評價指標，構(gòu)建評價指標體系，運用Arcgis10.2的空間分析功能，確定慶陽市可利用土地資源未來的潛力。結(jié)果表明：慶陽市可利用土地資源的潛力級分為四級。慶陽市可利用土地資源開發(fā)潛力的面積為261845.05hm2，，其中，一級潛力區(qū)的面積為16903.87hm2，占可利用土地資源開發(fā)潛力總面積的6.46㳠；二級潛力區(qū)的面積為120285.58hm2，占總面積的45.94㳠；三級潛力區(qū)的面積為80013.35hm2，占總面積的30.56㳠；四級潛力區(qū)的面積為44642.25hm2，占總面積的17.05㳠。
[Abstract]:Because of the large population of our country, the land area is limited, so that the land, the cultivated land, the forestland and the grassland are all lower than the average of the world. With the development of the social economy and the continued growth of the population, the contradiction of the people in our country is becoming more and more acute, and how to make rational use of the limited land resources and to coordinate the human-to-land relationship is particularly important. in a plan and step-by-step development and utilization of reserve land resources, that contradiction between man and land can be effectively alleviated to a certain extent, and the development of reserve land resources is subject to various natural, social and economic factors, The search for a more secure and reliable development strategy is an urgent task. With the help of GIS, it is of far-reaching significance to strengthen the investigation, planning, management, protection and rational utilization of land resources, and to promote the information construction of land and resources, and to speed up the modernization of land and resources. Taking Qingyang City as an example, this paper is based on the second land survey data and the social and economic statistics of Qingyang City, and uses the GIS space analysis technique to divide the technical regulations of the provincial main functional area and the planning of the main functional area of Gansu Province. On the basis of the county-level evaluation unit, the land resources can be evaluated by the county-level evaluation unit Price. The purpose is to provide the basis for the division of the main functional area of Qingyang City. The main content is, for example, (1) Land resources available In order to study the number of land resources and the spatial distribution in Qingyang city, the present situation and elevation of land use in Qingyang city are studied by using GIS spatial analysis technology. The area of the land resources can be used in Qingyang city and the K-means cluster analysis is applied to calculate the area of the available land resources in Qingyang city. The results show that the area of the available land resources in Qingyang city is 3848.61km2, and the available land resources per capita is 0.14. The land resources are relatively rich, but the distribution of land is not balanced, and the restriction factors of land use are many. It is difficult to send. (2) It can be used In order to evaluate the quality of the land resources in Qingyang City, the quality evaluation of land resources can be used to evaluate the quality of the available land resources in Qingyang City, and the evaluation factors should be selected in terms of the landform, geological conditions, climate and location conditions, so that the land resources can be used source quality evaluation index system; using the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each index; using the ArcGis10.2 spatial analysis function to determine the availability of Qingyang city The results of the evaluation show that the land resources can be used in Qingyang city. The area of the first-class area is 70605.00hm2, accounting for 18.35% of the total area of the available land resources; the area of the second-class area is 63639.95 hm2, accounting for 16.54% of the total area of the available land resources; the area of the third area is 91177.20 hm2, accounting for 23.69% of the total area; and the area of the four areas is 159438.93hm2, which is the total area. 41.43% of the area. (3 ) The land resource potential evaluation can be used to evaluate the results of the evaluation of the abundance of the land resources and the quality of the available land resources in Qingyang City, and the evaluation index shall be selected according to the two aspects of the quantity and the quality of the land resources, and the evaluation index system shall be constructed and the Arcg shall be used. the spatial analysis function of is10.2 to determine the Qingyang The potential of the city to take advantage of the future of land resources. The potential level of land resources is divided into four levels. The area of the land resource development potential of Qingyang city is 261845.05 hm2, of which, the area of the first-order potential area is 16903.87hm2, which makes up the available land resources The total area of the source development potential is 6.46?; the area of the secondary potential area is 120285.58h m2, which is 45.94% of the total area, and the area of the three-level potential area is 80013.35h M2, which is 30.56% of the total area, and the area of the four-level potential area is 446.42.25 hm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F301.2
本文編號：2432225
[Abstract]:Because of the large population of our country, the land area is limited, so that the land, the cultivated land, the forestland and the grassland are all lower than the average of the world. With the development of the social economy and the continued growth of the population, the contradiction of the people in our country is becoming more and more acute, and how to make rational use of the limited land resources and to coordinate the human-to-land relationship is particularly important. in a plan and step-by-step development and utilization of reserve land resources, that contradiction between man and land can be effectively alleviated to a certain extent, and the development of reserve land resources is subject to various natural, social and economic factors, The search for a more secure and reliable development strategy is an urgent task. With the help of GIS, it is of far-reaching significance to strengthen the investigation, planning, management, protection and rational utilization of land resources, and to promote the information construction of land and resources, and to speed up the modernization of land and resources. Taking Qingyang City as an example, this paper is based on the second land survey data and the social and economic statistics of Qingyang City, and uses the GIS space analysis technique to divide the technical regulations of the provincial main functional area and the planning of the main functional area of Gansu Province. On the basis of the county-level evaluation unit, the land resources can be evaluated by the county-level evaluation unit Price. The purpose is to provide the basis for the division of the main functional area of Qingyang City. The main content is, for example, (1) Land resources available In order to study the number of land resources and the spatial distribution in Qingyang city, the present situation and elevation of land use in Qingyang city are studied by using GIS spatial analysis technology. The area of the land resources can be used in Qingyang city and the K-means cluster analysis is applied to calculate the area of the available land resources in Qingyang city. The results show that the area of the available land resources in Qingyang city is 3848.61km2, and the available land resources per capita is 0.14. The land resources are relatively rich, but the distribution of land is not balanced, and the restriction factors of land use are many. It is difficult to send. (2) It can be used In order to evaluate the quality of the land resources in Qingyang City, the quality evaluation of land resources can be used to evaluate the quality of the available land resources in Qingyang City, and the evaluation factors should be selected in terms of the landform, geological conditions, climate and location conditions, so that the land resources can be used source quality evaluation index system; using the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each index; using the ArcGis10.2 spatial analysis function to determine the availability of Qingyang city The results of the evaluation show that the land resources can be used in Qingyang city. The area of the first-class area is 70605.00hm2, accounting for 18.35% of the total area of the available land resources; the area of the second-class area is 63639.95 hm2, accounting for 16.54% of the total area of the available land resources; the area of the third area is 91177.20 hm2, accounting for 23.69% of the total area; and the area of the four areas is 159438.93hm2, which is the total area. 41.43% of the area. (3 ) The land resource potential evaluation can be used to evaluate the results of the evaluation of the abundance of the land resources and the quality of the available land resources in Qingyang City, and the evaluation index shall be selected according to the two aspects of the quantity and the quality of the land resources, and the evaluation index system shall be constructed and the Arcg shall be used. the spatial analysis function of is10.2 to determine the Qingyang The potential of the city to take advantage of the future of land resources. The potential level of land resources is divided into four levels. The area of the land resource development potential of Qingyang city is 261845.05 hm2, of which, the area of the first-order potential area is 16903.87hm2, which makes up the available land resources The total area of the source development potential is 6.46?; the area of the secondary potential area is 120285.58h m2, which is 45.94% of the total area, and the area of the three-level potential area is 80013.35h M2, which is 30.56% of the total area, and the area of the four-level potential area is 446.42.25 hm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F301.2
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