【摘要】：近幾十年來(lái)人類(lèi)活動(dòng)與全球氣候變化的加劇,流域水循環(huán)發(fā)生了強(qiáng)烈的變異,世界面臨著深刻的水危機(jī),我國(guó)水問(wèn)題尤為嚴(yán)峻,水災(zāi)害事件頻發(fā),水問(wèn)題成為實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重大障礙因素,嚴(yán)重威脅國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和生態(tài)安全。從流域水循環(huán)演變與水資源綜合調(diào)控這一科學(xué)背景出發(fā),提出了基于二元水循環(huán)開(kāi)展水資源調(diào)控來(lái)解決水問(wèn)題的基本思路。探討了水資源調(diào)度研究的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和我國(guó)水資源調(diào)度研究存在的問(wèn)題。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了包含"監(jiān)測(cè)-模擬-評(píng)價(jià)-預(yù)測(cè)-調(diào)度-控制"六大環(huán)節(jié)的水資源調(diào)度技術(shù)框架和關(guān)鍵流程。結(jié)合國(guó)家水資源監(jiān)控能力建設(shè)二期項(xiàng)目,介紹了一套全國(guó)通用的水資源調(diào)度軟件平臺(tái),實(shí)現(xiàn)了水資源調(diào)度執(zhí)行成果在水利部本級(jí)、流域、省三級(jí)平臺(tái)之間的業(yè)務(wù)協(xié)同和信息共享,從而提升河流水資源調(diào)度決策能力。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, with the aggravation of human activities and global climate change, the river basin water cycle has undergone a strong variation, and the world is facing a profound water crisis. The water problem in China is particularly serious, and water disasters occur frequently. Water problem has become a major obstacle to the realization of sustainable development, which seriously threatens the national economy and ecological security. Based on the scientific background of watershed water cycle evolution and water resources integrated control, the basic idea of water resources regulation based on dual water cycle is put forward. The present situation of water resources scheduling research and the problems existing in water resources scheduling research in China are discussed. On this basis, the technical framework and key process of water resources scheduling including "monitoring, simulation, evaluation, prediction, scheduling and control" are proposed. In connection with the second phase of the national water resources monitoring and control capacity building project, this paper introduces a set of national water resources dispatching software platform, which realizes the results of water resources dispatching at the corresponding level and watershed of the Ministry of Water Resources. The business collaboration and information sharing among the three-level platforms in the province can improve the decision-making ability of river water resources dispatching.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)水利水電科學(xué)研究院流域水循環(huán)模擬與調(diào)控國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;清華大學(xué)水沙科學(xué)與水利水電工程國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：“十三五”國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃課題“水庫(kù)群調(diào)度風(fēng)險(xiǎn)決策理論及評(píng)估方法”(2016YFC0402208) “十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃“南水北調(diào)中線干線工程應(yīng)急運(yùn)行集散控制技術(shù)研究與示范”(2015BAB07B03) 2016年度流域水循環(huán)模擬與調(diào)控國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室代表性成果培育課題“跨流域調(diào)水系統(tǒng)多過(guò)程模擬與智能調(diào)控”(2016CG05)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP274;TV213.4

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