本文關(guān)鍵詞：喀什經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)地下水資源評(píng)價(jià)和可持續(xù)利用　出處：《長安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：喀什經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)具有內(nèi)陸干旱性氣候的特征,年降雨量稀少,蒸發(fā)強(qiáng)烈,地下水量豐富,具有較大的開發(fā)潛力,但區(qū)內(nèi)地下水的水量、水質(zhì)空間分配不均勻。研究區(qū)西部地層中存在高硫酸鹽類礦物質(zhì),水質(zhì)指標(biāo)中SO42-、硬度、礦化度嚴(yán)重超標(biāo)等問題;研究區(qū)西南部沖洪積平原、東南部山前存在著優(yōu)質(zhì)地下淡水。本文以中國地質(zhì)調(diào)查局“新疆喀什經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)地下水演化與生態(tài)效應(yīng)研究”項(xiàng)目為依托,以水資源可持續(xù)利用為目標(biāo),以地下水動(dòng)力學(xué)為指導(dǎo),在分析全區(qū)“三水”轉(zhuǎn)化關(guān)系并結(jié)合分析全區(qū)水文地質(zhì)條件及區(qū)域構(gòu)造的基礎(chǔ)上,采用地下水流數(shù)值仿真模擬理論和方法,評(píng)價(jià)地下水可采資源量,并提出可行性的開采方案。主要獲得以下認(rèn)識(shí)和成果:(1)結(jié)合研究區(qū)內(nèi)的鉆孔資料、地質(zhì)地貌及水文地質(zhì)條件,分析得出區(qū)內(nèi)地下水以第四系松散巖類孔隙水為主;研究區(qū)內(nèi)部存在NW-SE方向的5條斷裂、逆斷層,造成區(qū)域地下水流場不連續(xù);中部的庫木塔格背斜造成克孜勒河研究亞區(qū)與蓋孜-庫山河研究亞區(qū)水力聯(lián)系不緊密,以及含水巖組和礦化度差異較大等特征。(2)基于水均衡法,對(duì)喀什地區(qū)的地下水資源量進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),經(jīng)計(jì)算得烏魯阿特研究亞區(qū)多年平均條件下地下水補(bǔ)給量為3.34×104m3/a,排泄量為3.28×104m3/a,為正均衡狀態(tài);克孜勒河、蓋孜-庫山河研究亞區(qū)地下水補(bǔ)給量分別為5.22×104m3/a和8.47×104m3/a,排泄量分別為5.27×104m3/a和8.57×104m3/a,處于負(fù)均衡狀態(tài)。烏魯阿特研究亞區(qū)的補(bǔ)給項(xiàng)主要為地下水側(cè)向補(bǔ)給,占到80.5%;側(cè)向流出量、蒸發(fā)、泉水溢出量占到排泄項(xiàng)的98%;克孜勒河、蓋孜-庫山河研究亞區(qū)主要的補(bǔ)給項(xiàng)為渠系滲漏與田間灌溉,分別占補(bǔ)給項(xiàng)的70%和60%;克孜勒河、蓋孜-庫山河排泄項(xiàng)中,人工開采與蒸發(fā)占排泄項(xiàng)的73.7%和77.3%,這充分說明克孜勒河和蓋孜-庫山河研究亞區(qū)地下水形成和分布已受到強(qiáng)烈的人類活動(dòng)影響。(3)依據(jù)地質(zhì)和水文地質(zhì)條件以及人類活動(dòng)情況,建立了研究區(qū)水文地質(zhì)概念模型和地下水流數(shù)值仿真模型。以Visual MODFLOW軟件為平臺(tái),從降速場、梯度場和地下水均衡分析等三方面對(duì)數(shù)值模型進(jìn)行了識(shí)別與驗(yàn)證,使建立的數(shù)值模型具有較高的仿真性和可靠性。(4)以地下水資源可持續(xù)利用與生態(tài)環(huán)境良性循環(huán)為前提,設(shè)計(jì)了三個(gè)預(yù)測(cè)方案進(jìn)行地下水可持續(xù)利用研究。結(jié)果表明在蓋孜河沖洪積扇現(xiàn)狀開采10萬m3/d的基礎(chǔ)上,可增加烏魯阿特河沖洪積扇30萬m3/d與庫山河沖洪積扇18萬m3/d的地下水開采量,既能滿足喀什經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)未來需水量的中長期規(guī)劃,也能保持生態(tài)環(huán)境不被破壞,同時(shí)也不會(huì)造成咸水入侵。以上研究成果對(duì)喀什經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)地下水資源的合理開發(fā)利用及生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)具有重要的指導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:Kashi Economic Development Zone has the characteristics of the inland arid climate. The annual rainfall is scarce, the evaporation is strong, the underground water is abundant, and has great potential for development. However, the distribution of water and water quality is not uniform. There are high sulphate minerals in the western part of the study area, and the SO42-, hardness and salinity of the water quality indicators are much higher than those of the standard. There are high quality underground fresh water in the southwest part of the study area. In this paper China geological survey "of Xinjiang Kashi Economic Development Zone, groundwater evolution and ecological effects on" project, to the sustainable utilization of water resources, groundwater dynamics as a guide in the analysis of "water" and combining the analysis of the relationship between transformation of hydrogeological conditions and regional tectonics, the groundwater flow simulation theory and the method of numerical simulation and evaluation of groundwater resources, and puts forward the feasible scheme of mining. Mainly from the following achievements: (1) based on borehole data in the region, geological and hydrogeological conditions of groundwater in the Quaternary pore water in loose rock; 5 faults, NW-SE direction research area within the reverse fault caused by the groundwater flow field discontinuity region; library tower the central anticline caused by lattice qezel of sub region and Gez kushanhe research sub region hydraulic connection is not close, and large water bearing rock formation and mineralization of the difference between. (2) water balance method based on the evaluation of groundwater resources in Kashi area, the study calculated at Ulu groundwater recharge sub region average conditions is 3.34 * 104m3/a, 3.28 * 104m3/a excretion, positive equilibrium; the Gez River, groundwater recharge sub region kushanhe research were 5.22 * 104m3/a and 8.47 * 104m3/a excretion were 5.27 * 104m3/a and 8.57 * 104m3/a, is in negative balance. This study art sub region as the main recharge groundwater lateral recharge, accounted for 80.5%; the lateral outflow, evaporation, water overflow drainage accounted for 98%; qezel, Gez kushanhe of Asia major supply for canal seepage and irrigation, respectively, to fill the 70% and 60%; qezel, Gez kushanhe drainage, artificial exploitation and evaporation accounted for 73.7% and 77.3% of the drainage, which fully shows qezel and Gez kushanhe of sub region groundwater formation and distribution has been strongly influenced by human activities. (3) based on the geological and hydrogeological conditions and human activities, the hydrogeological conceptual model of the study area and the numerical simulation model of the groundwater flow are established. Based on Visual MODFLOW software, the numerical model is identified and verified from three aspects, such as velocity field, gradient field and groundwater balance analysis, which makes the established numerical model with high simulation and reliability. (4) based on the sustainable utilization of groundwater resources and the benign cycle of ecological environment, three prediction schemes have been designed to study the sustainable utilization of groundwater. The results show that the foundation status of 100 thousand m3/d in the mining of alluvial fan in gaizihe River on the river alluvial fan at Ulu can increase 300 thousand m3/d and 180 thousand m3/d kushanhe alluvial groundwater exploitation, which can meet the long-term planning of the future water demand of Kashi Economic Development Zone, also can maintain the ecological environment, but also will not caused by salt water intrusion. The above research results have an important guiding role in the rational exploitation and utilization of groundwater resources and the protection of the ecological environment in Kashi economic development zone.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P641.8

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