【摘要】：孔群零件在機(jī)械零件中占有很大的比例,例如箱體零件和底板零件都包含各種類型的孔(螺紋孔、沉頭孔、通孔等)。合適的切削參數(shù)和加工序列是提高孔群加工效率的一個(gè)重要因素,特別當(dāng)孔的數(shù)量巨大時(shí),優(yōu)化孔群的加工路徑可以很大程度減少加工時(shí)間。實(shí)際加工中,由于各種因素的影響,使用傳統(tǒng)分析方法,工藝人員獲得最優(yōu)加工方案非常不易。因此,利用CAPP技術(shù),優(yōu)化孔群的加工工藝具有很重要的意義。本文對(duì)箱體類零件的孔群切削參數(shù)和工藝路徑進(jìn)行了較為系統(tǒng)的研究,其主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)研究了孔群加工工藝的特點(diǎn),總結(jié)了目前孔群加工工藝常用的優(yōu)化方法。(2)介紹了遺傳算法的基礎(chǔ)原理,并指出其缺點(diǎn)。利用模擬退火算法的原理,改進(jìn)了遺傳算法,對(duì)新算法的性能進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,證明了它的可靠性。(3)建立了孔加工切削參數(shù)優(yōu)化模型,設(shè)計(jì)了孔的加工工時(shí)和加工成本兩個(gè)目標(biāo)函數(shù)。并且,基于改進(jìn)遺傳算法對(duì)零件的切削參數(shù)優(yōu)化模型進(jìn)行了求解。(4)建立了孔群加工成本優(yōu)化模型,目標(biāo)函數(shù)為空程走刀成本和更換刀具成本。然后,分別使用遺傳算法和改進(jìn)遺傳算法對(duì)優(yōu)化模型進(jìn)行了求解。結(jié)果表明改進(jìn)遺傳算法求解性能穩(wěn)定,更加適應(yīng)實(shí)際加工的要求。
[Abstract]:Hole group parts account for a large proportion of mechanical parts, such as box parts and floor parts contain various types of holes (threaded holes, countersunk holes, through holes, etc.). Appropriate cutting parameters and machining sequences are an important factor to improve the machining efficiency of hole groups, especially when the number of holes is large, optimizing the machining path of hole groups can greatly reduce the machining time. In practical processing, due to the influence of various factors, it is very difficult for craftsmen to obtain the optimal processing scheme by using the traditional analysis method. Therefore, it is of great significance to optimize the processing technology of hole group by using CAPP technology. In this paper, the cutting parameters and process paths of box parts are studied systematically. The main contents are as follows: (1) the characteristics of hole group machining technology are studied, and the common optimization methods of hole group machining technology are summarized. (2) the basic principle of genetic algorithm is introduced and its shortcomings are pointed out. Based on the principle of simulated annealing algorithm, the genetic algorithm is improved, and the performance of the new algorithm is tested, and its reliability is proved. (3) the optimization model of hole cutting parameters is established, and two objective functions of machining man-hour and machining cost are designed. Moreover, the optimization model of cutting parameters is solved based on the improved genetic algorithm. (4) the optimization model of machining cost of hole group is established, and the objective function is empty tool walking cost and tool replacement cost. Then, genetic algorithm and improved genetic algorithm are used to solve the optimization model. The results show that the performance of the improved genetic algorithm is stable and more suitable for practical machining.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TG659;TP18
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本文編號(hào)：2508031