發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-06 19:53

【摘要】：彈性針布是一種用于紡織梳理機(jī)上梳理棉、麻、毛、化纖等纖維的關(guān)鍵器材。我國(guó)的彈性針布的生產(chǎn)工藝與精密加工技術(shù)近十年發(fā)展飛快,但與國(guó)外相比仍有一定差距。磨針機(jī)是制造彈性針布的主要設(shè)備,它將前道植針工序的半成品彈性針布磨礪成各種規(guī)格統(tǒng)一頂部鋒利的彈性針布。在磨針工序中,彈性針布從料輥軸放料給錫林滾筒,經(jīng)過(guò)平磨、側(cè)磨磨針成型,最后再進(jìn)行針布測(cè)量和收料。因此,彈性針布的加工質(zhì)量和生產(chǎn)效率取決于生產(chǎn)工藝和設(shè)備精度。而磨針成型的加工精度決定產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量等級(jí)。本課題的研究目的是利用高精度位置控制技術(shù)改造傳統(tǒng)磨針機(jī),以改善產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和提高生產(chǎn)效率。傳統(tǒng)彈性針布磨針機(jī)在磨針過(guò)程中,磨頭和彈性針布磨礪距離的調(diào)節(jié)依靠人工手動(dòng)完成,產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量嚴(yán)重受到工人操作水平的影響,針布磨礪精度低,導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)品合格率和生產(chǎn)效率下降。另外,磨針機(jī)錫林主軸由大功率三相異步電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng),導(dǎo)軌軸、料輥軸與錫林主軸通過(guò)復(fù)雜的齒輪組合硬耦合連接,當(dāng)改變彈性針布型號(hào)時(shí),需重新調(diào)試相應(yīng)的機(jī)械參數(shù),導(dǎo)致傳統(tǒng)彈性針布磨針機(jī)的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)適應(yīng)性和靈活性均較差。為了解決傳統(tǒng)磨針機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、制造精度低、生產(chǎn)效率差的缺點(diǎn),本文在系統(tǒng)分析彈性針布磨針機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上,研究基于高精度伺服技術(shù)的磨頭位置控制系統(tǒng),建立了伺服系統(tǒng)位置控制模型,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)彈性針布磨礪的精確控制。此外,改進(jìn)后的磨針機(jī)采用錫林軸、料輥軸以及導(dǎo)軌軸獨(dú)立驅(qū)動(dòng)方式,由PLC、變頻器以及交流電機(jī)作為獨(dú)立驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng),從根本上改進(jìn)了傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)械硬耦合連接,實(shí)現(xiàn)了機(jī)械傳動(dòng)部分的解耦和加工參數(shù)的柔性調(diào)整。分析彈性針布放料、磨頭定位的工作原理,完成電氣系統(tǒng)的軟件和硬件設(shè)計(jì)。最后,根據(jù)針布生產(chǎn)工藝要求,完成高精度彈性針布磨針機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試與測(cè)試。實(shí)際運(yùn)行結(jié)果表明:改進(jìn)型磨針機(jī)的最高速度由原來(lái)42m/h提高至55m/h,能滿足加工各種規(guī)格彈性針布,并具有控制精度高、磨針成型質(zhì)量等級(jí)高、適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)、運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定、操作簡(jiǎn)單等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Elastic needle cloth is a kind of key equipment for carding cotton, hemp, wool, chemical fiber and so on textile carding machine. The production technology and precision machining technology of elastic needle cloth in our country have developed rapidly in recent ten years, but there is still a certain gap compared with foreign countries. The grinding machine is the main equipment for manufacturing elastic needle cloth. It sharpens the semi-finished elastic needle cloth in front of the needle planting process into a uniform top sharp elastic needle cloth of various specifications. In the grinding process, the elastic needle cloth is fed to the Xilin drum from the roller shaft. After flat grinding and side grinding, the needle cloth is measured and collected. Therefore, the processing quality and production efficiency of elastic needle cloth depend on the precision of production technology and equipment. The precision of grinding needle molding determines the quality grade of the product. The purpose of this paper is to improve the product quality and production efficiency by using the high-precision position control technology to reform the traditional grinding machine. During the grinding process of traditional elastic needle cloth grinding machine, the adjustment of grinding head and the grinding distance of elastic needle cloth depends on manual hand. The quality of the product is seriously affected by the working level of workers, and the precision of grinding needle cloth is low. Causes the product qualified rate and the production efficiency decline. In addition, the Xilin spindle of the needle grinder is driven by a high-power three-phase asynchronous motor, the rail shaft, the material roller shaft and the Xilin spindle are hard-coupled by complex gear combination. When the elastic needle cloth model is changed, the corresponding mechanical parameters need to be re-adjusted. The mechanical structure adaptability and flexibility of the traditional elastic needle cloth grinding machine are poor. In order to solve the disadvantages of traditional grinding machine, such as complex structure, low manufacturing precision and poor production efficiency, based on the systematic analysis of the control system of elastic needle cloth grinding machine, the position control system of grinding head based on high precision servo technology is studied in this paper. The position control model of servo system is established, and the precise control of elastic needle cloth grinding is realized. In addition, the improved needle grinder adopts the independent drive mode of Xilin shaft, material roller shaft and guide rail shaft, and uses PLC, frequency converter and AC motor as independent drive system, which fundamentally improves the traditional mechanical hard coupling connection. The decoupling of mechanical transmission part and flexible adjustment of machining parameters are realized. This paper analyzes the working principle of elastic needle cloth feeding and grinding head positioning, and completes the software and hardware design of the electrical system. Finally, according to the technological requirements of needle cloth production, the debugging and testing of the control system of high precision elastic needle cloth grinding machine are completed. The actual operation results show that the maximum speed of the improved needle grinding machine is increased from the original 42m/h to 55 mhm / h, which can meet the requirements of processing elastic needle cloth of various specifications, and has high control precision, high quality grade of grinding needle forming, strong adaptability and stable operation, and has the advantages of high control precision, high quality grade, strong adaptability and stable operation. Simple operation and other advantages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TS103.82;TP273

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本文編號(hào)：2435843