【摘要】：鉆井是石油勘探開發(fā)的主要手段。鉆井井架屬于一種大型承重結(jié)構(gòu),是石油工業(yè)生產(chǎn)設(shè)備中的重要組成部分。井架起放實時監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)是實時地對井架起放過程參數(shù)進行采集處理、顯示監(jiān)測、存儲打印以及及時了解井架起放工作情況的重要工具。隨著鉆井工業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,我國井架起放實時監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)在系統(tǒng)集成度、安全可靠性、數(shù)據(jù)采集精度、系統(tǒng)人機界面等方面越來越難以滿足井架起放施工作業(yè)的需求,限制了石油開采技術(shù)水平的提高。本文從井架起放實時監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)特點出發(fā),圍繞井架起放實時監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的實際應(yīng)用需求,對井架起放實時監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)及其關(guān)鍵實現(xiàn)技術(shù)作了較為深入的研究,并開發(fā)了井架起放實時監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)。首先在分析國內(nèi)外同類系統(tǒng)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及趨勢的基礎(chǔ)上,針對井架起放實時監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)在實際應(yīng)用中的切實需求,提出了井架起放實時監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的總體方案。井架起放實時監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)分為前臺系統(tǒng)、數(shù)據(jù)接收系統(tǒng)和后臺系統(tǒng)等多個系統(tǒng),前臺系統(tǒng)負責現(xiàn)場的數(shù)據(jù)采集、處理、顯示和傳輸,遠程接收系統(tǒng)負責后方的數(shù)據(jù)接收和存儲。然后對系統(tǒng)研發(fā)過程中涉及的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進行了研究。(1)針對井架起放實時監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)多,數(shù)據(jù)處理實時性要求高的特點,提出了一種基于異步流水線模式的井架起放實時監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)采集處理方案。利用多線程技術(shù),根據(jù)傳感器通訊數(shù)據(jù)格式,采用RS485串口傳輸數(shù)據(jù),通過消息機制傳遞數(shù)據(jù)到前臺系統(tǒng),創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)處理線程處理數(shù)據(jù),前臺系統(tǒng)顯示、存儲和遠程傳輸數(shù)據(jù),各個功能模塊共同實現(xiàn)異步流水線模式,使系統(tǒng)的實時性和可靠性得到很大的改善;(2)根據(jù)通信技術(shù)和和計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù),提出了一種井架起放實時監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)遠程傳輸方案。該方案自定義應(yīng)用層協(xié)議,通過GPRS網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸數(shù)據(jù),遠程數(shù)據(jù)接收系統(tǒng)采用生產(chǎn)者-消費者模式接收處理數(shù)據(jù),提高了數(shù)據(jù)遠程傳輸?shù)男省Ｗ詈?在以上關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究基礎(chǔ)之上,開發(fā)了井架起放實時監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)功能齊全、運行穩(wěn)定可靠,已通過驗收,在施工現(xiàn)場成功試用。
[Abstract]:Drilling is the main means of oil exploration and development. Drilling Derrick is a large bearing structure, which is an important part of petroleum production equipment. Derrick hoisting real-time monitoring system is an important tool for collecting and processing the parameters of Derrick hoisting and laying process displaying monitoring storing and printing and knowing the working condition of Derrick hoisting and discharging in time. With the rapid development of drilling industry, it is more and more difficult to meet the requirements of Derrick hoisting and laying operation in the aspects of system integration, safety and reliability, data acquisition accuracy, man-machine interface and so on. It limits the technical level of oil production. Based on the characteristics of real time monitoring system for Derrick hoisting and releasing, this paper studies the real time monitoring system of Derrick hoisting and reproducing and its key implementation technology, according to the practical application requirement of Derrick hoisting and releasing real time monitoring system. A real-time monitoring system for Derrick hoisting and reproducing is developed. Based on the analysis of the current situation and trend of the similar systems at home and abroad, the overall scheme of the real monitoring system for Derrick hoisting and reproducing is put forward in view of the practical requirements of the system. The real time monitoring system of Derrick hoisting and playback is divided into several systems, such as foreground system, data receiving system and background system. The foreground system is responsible for data collection, processing, display and transmission on the spot, and the remote receiving system is responsible for receiving and storing data in the rear area. Then the key technologies involved in the research and development of the system are studied. (1) aiming at the characteristics of the Derrick hoisting and reproducing real-time monitoring data and the high requirement of real-time data processing, This paper presents a data acquisition and processing scheme for real time monitoring system of Derrick hoisting and playback based on asynchronous pipeline mode. Using multithread technology, according to sensor communication data format, RS485 serial port is used to transmit data, and message mechanism is used to transfer data to foreground system. Data processing thread is created to process data, which displays, stores and transfers data remotely. Each function module realizes the asynchronous pipeline mode together, so that the real-time and reliability of the system are greatly improved. (2) according to communication technology and computer network technology, a remote transmission scheme for real time monitoring data of Derrick hoisting and reproducing is proposed. The scheme defines the application layer protocol and transmits data through GPRS network. The remote data receiving system adopts producer-consumer mode to receive and process data, which improves the efficiency of remote data transmission. Finally, a real-time monitoring system for Derrick hoisting and reproducing is developed on the basis of the above key technologies. The system has complete functions, stable and reliable operation, has passed the acceptance, and has been successfully tested in the construction site.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TE928;TP274

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