單球自平衡移動機器人系統(tǒng)建模與自平衡控制研究
[Abstract]:The single-ball self-balancing mobile robot is a typical multi-variable, nonlinear, high-order, strongly coupled and static unstable system, which originates from the inverted pendulum model. The control theory of single-ball self-balancing mobile robot model is also widely used in robot and artificial intelligence control missile interception and docking control of space station rocket launch and attitude control in spacecraft flight. In this paper, a physical prototype is developed for the self-balancing control of a single-ball self-balancing mobile robot, and the mechanical modeling and control algorithm of the prototype is studied. The main research results are as follows: first of all, By studying the mechanical structure and motion characteristics of a single ball self-balancing mobile robot and referring to the design of "Rezero" robot, the physical prototype of a single ball self-balancing mobile robot is established. The mechanical structure of the physical prototype is designed to make the angle between the three omnidirectional axle lines and the lead vertical line smaller, so that the effective friction between the omnidirectional wheel and the driving sphere is greater, and the transfer efficiency of motion is also higher. In addition, the main controller of the whole control system of a single ball self-balancing mobile robot is a high-speed DSP (Digital signal processor) development board, which is made by TI Company of the United States, and is a model of TMS320FC28335. At the same time, a high-performance nine-axis attitude sensor developed by super-nuclear electron is used as the detection device, which makes the control system of the self-balancing mobile robot with single ball faster response speed, higher precision and higher efficiency. Secondly, on the basis of systematic analysis and research on the mechanical structure of single-ball self-balancing mobile robot, the model of single-ball self-balancing mobile robot is equivalent to the first-order inverted pendulum model and IASMP (Inverse Atlas Spherical Motion Platform) model with simple principle and mature theory. The accuracy and reliability of single ball self-balanced mobile robot system modeling are greatly improved. At the same time, using Euler-Lagrangian equation and Jacobian matrix, the dynamics and kinematics of single-sphere self-balancing mobile robot are modeled. The linearization model is obtained by linearizing the dynamic equation near the zero point of the system. Finally, the controllability, observability and stability of the linearization model are analyzed. Then, two control algorithms, PID and LQR, which are simple in structure and widely used, are designed for the self-balancing control (including position control and inclination control) of a single-ball self-balancing mobile robot. The PID control algorithm mainly controls the position of the single-ball self-balancing mobile robot, and the LQR control algorithm mainly controls the inclination of the single-ball self-balancing mobile robot. At the same time, the control effect of two control algorithms, PID and LQR, is simulated and analyzed by using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Finally, according to the requirement of self-balancing control of single-ball self-balancing mobile robot, the control program of inclination angle, position control program and motion conversion program of single-ball self-balancing mobile robot are designed. At the same time, the software and hardware of the control system are debugged on line, and the control algorithm is written into the CCS (DSP programming software. The program code is burned into the DSP master controller and the experimental analysis of the single-ball self-balancing mobile robot prototype is carried out. The effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:TP242
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