【摘要】：隨著無線通信技術的飛速發(fā)展,無線定位已成為室內環(huán)境下位置信息獲取的主要方式。超寬帶定位具有發(fā)射信號功耗低,信號速率高、信道容量大,信號的穿透力強和高精度等優(yōu)點,已成為無線定位技術中極具發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ募夹g,因此對超寬帶定位系統(tǒng)的研究具有重要的實用價值。本文研究了無線定位技術的原理和特點,設計實現(xiàn)了基于超寬帶技術的室內無線定位系統(tǒng)。本文首先對超寬帶與其他無線定位技術的原理與優(yōu)缺點進行了闡述,然后根據(jù)實際的需求,設計了超寬帶定位系統(tǒng)的總體方案,并針對方案中的需求進行了關鍵器件的選型。在討論和比較超寬帶TOA/TDOA與泰勒級數(shù)展開等傳統(tǒng)定位方法與定位算法的基礎上,最終采用了高精度Fang-泰勒級數(shù)聯(lián)合定位算法。針對提出的超寬帶系統(tǒng)方案,本文設計了定位標簽、藍牙傳輸和電池供電等硬件模塊,其中定位標簽包括錨節(jié)點與標簽節(jié)點,其主要由DW1000超寬帶收發(fā)芯片、超低功耗微處理器以及其他外圍電路組成。通過在底層硬件處理器中嵌入μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)了對超寬帶數(shù)據(jù)的實時快速處理。此外,本文還設計了上下位機通信協(xié)議、上位機數(shù)據(jù)處理和顯示軟件。系統(tǒng)工作時,標簽節(jié)點接收錨節(jié)點的數(shù)據(jù)幀,并讀取錨節(jié)點的時間戳信號和獨有的ID,由微處理器打包發(fā)送給上位機,上位機調用位置估計算法對數(shù)據(jù)進行處理得到相應的坐標值,然后在顯示界面對節(jié)點坐標進行實時顯示。本文設計的超寬帶定位系統(tǒng)在實驗室環(huán)境下完成了整體測試,實驗結果表明,本系統(tǒng),對靜止節(jié)點與運動節(jié)點均可進行準確定位,定位精度和定位穩(wěn)定性都達到了預期目標,基本滿足實際應用的需要。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, wireless location has become the main way to obtain location information in indoor environment. Ultra-wideband (UWB) positioning has the advantages of low power consumption, high signal rate, large channel capacity, strong signal penetration and high precision, and has become a promising technology in wireless positioning technology. Therefore, the research of UWB positioning system has important practical value. In this paper, the principle and characteristics of wireless positioning technology are studied, and the indoor wireless positioning system based on UWB technology is designed and implemented. In this paper, the principle, merits and demerits of UWB and other wireless positioning technologies are described. Then, according to the actual requirements, the overall scheme of UWB positioning system is designed, and the key devices are selected according to the requirements of the scheme. Based on the discussion and comparison of traditional localization methods and localization algorithms such as UWB TOA/TDOA and Taylor series expansion, a high precision Fang- Taylor series joint localization algorithm is adopted. For the proposed ultra-wideband system, this paper designs hardware modules such as location label, Bluetooth transmission and battery power supply. The positioning label includes anchor node and tag node, which is mainly composed of DW1000 ultra-wideband transceiver chip. Ultra-low power microprocessor and other peripheral circuits. The real-time and fast processing of UWB data is realized by embedding 渭 C / OS- 鈪，

本文編號：2253242