【摘要】：濕度是大氣監(jiān)測和天氣預報等相關研究的基礎信息。在地面氣象站中,為了避免雨雪對傳感器的影響,濕度傳感器被安裝在防輻射罩內(nèi)。但在降雨過程中和降雨后,防輻射罩表面沾附的水滴蒸發(fā)會引起傳感器周圍空氣濕度增加,導致濕度測量數(shù)據(jù)高于真實值,引起沾濕誤差。此外,長期暴露于高濕環(huán)境下,也會造成傳感器損壞或讀數(shù)偏高。本文提出了雙加熱濕度傳感器系統(tǒng),利用交替加熱防雨帽的方式抑制沾濕誤差。本設計制備了防雨帽,并通過計算流體動力學方法對防雨帽進行流固耦合傳熱仿真分析,求解防雨帽所需加熱功率的特性參數(shù),從而驗證該策略的合理性。利用交替加熱防雨帽的方式,使防雨帽在沾水時始終保持有一個傳感器在測量。利用24位低噪聲模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器和電容-數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換器實現(xiàn)溫度和濕度的低噪聲、高線性度測量,以Optidew Vision冷鏡式露點儀作為標定儀器并結(jié)合遺傳算法擬合修正溫漂,并將所采集的數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送至上位機界面顯示。實驗結(jié)果表明,使用遺傳算法擬合修正過后的傳感器,相對濕度測量精度可達±1%RH,采用交替加熱的方式可在6分鐘內(nèi)消除10%以上的的沾濕誤差。與傳統(tǒng)的濕度傳感器相比,該設計具有精度高、響應速度快的特點,亦能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)相對濕度的連續(xù)測量。本設計適用于高精度氣象站,并有望在全球氣候觀測、氣象災害預警和航空氣象保障中發(fā)揮作用。
[Abstract]:Humidity is the basic information of atmospheric monitoring and weather forecast. In order to avoid the influence of rain and snow on the sensor, the humidity sensor is installed in the radiation shield in the ground weather station. However, during and after the rainfall, the evaporation of water droplets on the surface of the shield will cause the increase of air humidity around the sensor, which leads to the humidity measurement data being higher than the real value and causing the humidity error. In addition, long-term exposure to high humidity will also cause sensor damage or high readings. In this paper, a double heating humidity sensor system is proposed, in which the humidity error is suppressed by alternately heating the rainproof cap. In this paper, the rainproof cap is prepared, and the fluid-solid coupling heat transfer simulation analysis is carried out by the computational fluid dynamics method, and the characteristic parameters of the heating power required for the rainproof cap are calculated, which verifies the rationality of the strategy. By alternately heating the rainproof cap, a sensor is always used to keep the cap in the water. Low noise A / D converter and capacitive digital converter are used to measure temperature and humidity with high linearity. Optidew Vision cold mirror dew point meter is used as calibration instrument and genetic algorithm is used to modify temperature drift. And the collected data to the upper computer interface display. The experimental results show that by using genetic algorithm to fit the modified sensor, the accuracy of relative humidity measurement can reach 鹵1 RH, and the humidity error of more than 10% can be eliminated in 6 minutes by alternating heating. Compared with the traditional humidity sensor, the design has the characteristics of high precision and fast response, and can realize the continuous measurement of relative humidity. This design is suitable for high precision weather stations and is expected to play an important role in global climate observation, meteorological disaster warning and aviation meteorological support.
【學位授予單位】：南京信息工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP212

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 周悅;劉清`，

本文編號：2199490