發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-06 18:40

【摘要】：電熔氧化鎂是一種熔點(diǎn)高、耐腐蝕、絕緣性能好的高級(jí)耐火材料,其大量應(yīng)用于冶金、國(guó)防、核工業(yè)等領(lǐng)域,制備電熔氧化鎂的主要生產(chǎn)設(shè)備是電熔鎂爐。電熔鎂爐熔煉現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境十分惡劣,熔煉生產(chǎn)時(shí)存在著復(fù)雜的外部擾動(dòng),電熔鎂爐本身還是一個(gè)強(qiáng)非線性、時(shí)變性和強(qiáng)耦合性的控制對(duì)象,電熔鎂爐不同的熔煉狀態(tài)需要不同的操作策略,而目前電熔鎂爐熔煉狀態(tài)的判斷主要依賴于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)操作人員的主觀經(jīng)驗(yàn),不能夠準(zhǔn)確的判斷出電熔鎂爐的熔煉狀態(tài),不利于電熔鎂爐的自動(dòng)控制,影響產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和節(jié)能減排。本文在國(guó)家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(863計(jì)劃)項(xiàng)目“菱鎂礦綠色熔煉關(guān)鍵技術(shù)與裝備”的支持下,以營(yíng)口某工廠的一臺(tái)電熔鎂爐為冶煉對(duì)象,針對(duì)電弧聲信號(hào)與電弧電流之間的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系推導(dǎo)出了電弧聲信號(hào)的數(shù)學(xué)表達(dá)式,確立了電熔鎂爐聲信號(hào)采集測(cè)量點(diǎn)的位置,利用NI數(shù)據(jù)采集卡搭建了數(shù)據(jù)采集硬件平臺(tái),利用圖形化編程軟件LabVIEW設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)了電熔鎂爐聲信號(hào)采集與分析系統(tǒng)。本文設(shè)計(jì)的電熔鎂爐聲信號(hào)采集與分析系統(tǒng)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)身份登錄、數(shù)據(jù)采集、數(shù)據(jù)存取、信號(hào)降噪與時(shí)頻分析、遠(yuǎn)程控制等功能。利用該系統(tǒng)采集了整個(gè)電熔鎂爐冶煉過(guò)程中不同熔煉狀態(tài)下的電弧聲信號(hào)和電流信號(hào),對(duì)采集進(jìn)來(lái)的電弧聲信號(hào)選取了db04小波進(jìn)行軟閾值法降噪,利用LabVIEW和MATLAB混合編程的方式繪制了電弧聲信號(hào)的小波時(shí)頻圖。通過(guò)對(duì)電熔鎂爐不同熔煉狀態(tài)下的聲強(qiáng)信號(hào)、三相電流幅值和電弧聲信號(hào)時(shí)頻圖的分析提取出了識(shí)別電熔鎂爐不同熔煉狀態(tài)的特征判據(jù),現(xiàn)場(chǎng)熔煉實(shí)驗(yàn)證明該判據(jù)能夠有效的判斷電熔鎂爐的各種工況,提升了產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量,降低了單噸能耗,為電熔鎂爐自動(dòng)冶煉技術(shù)提供了一種新的研究方法。
[Abstract]:Fused magnesium oxide is an advanced refractory with high melting point, corrosion resistance and good insulation performance. It is widely used in metallurgy, national defense, nuclear industry and other fields. The main production equipment for the preparation of fused magnesium oxide is electric melting magnesium furnace. The environment of melting site in electric melting magnesium furnace is very bad, and there are complex external disturbances in smelting production. The furnace itself is a strong nonlinear, time-varying and strong coupling control object. Different melting states of electric melting magnesium furnace need different operation strategies, but at present, the judgment of melting state of electric melting magnesium furnace mainly depends on the subjective experience of field operators, and can not accurately judge the melting state of electric melting magnesium furnace. It is unfavorable to the automatic control of electric melting magnesium furnace and affects the quality of products and energy saving and emission reduction. Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program) "key Technologies and equipment for Green melting of magnesite", this paper takes an electric melting magnesium furnace in a factory in Yingkou as a smelting object. According to the mathematical relation between arc sound signal and arc current, the mathematical expression of arc sound signal is deduced, the position of measuring point of electric melting magnesium furnace sound signal is established, and the hardware platform of data acquisition is built by using NI data acquisition card. The acoustic signal acquisition and analysis system of fused magnesium furnace is designed and developed by using graphical programming software LabVIEW. The acoustic signal acquisition and analysis system designed in this paper can realize the functions of identity login, data acquisition, data access, signal denoising and time-frequency analysis, remote control and so on. The electric arc sound signals and current signals in different melting states in the whole smelting process of the electric melting magnesium furnace are collected by this system. The db04 wavelet is selected to reduce the noise of the acquired arc sound signals by soft threshold method. The wavelet time-frequency diagram of arc sound signal is drawn by LabVIEW and MATLAB. By analyzing the sound intensity signal, the amplitude of three-phase current and the time-frequency diagram of the electric arc sound signal in different melting states of the fused magnesium furnace, the characteristic criteria for identifying the different melting states of the electric melting magnesium furnace are obtained. The field smelting experiments show that the criterion can effectively judge the various working conditions of the fused magnesium furnace, improve the quality of the product and reduce the energy consumption of one ton. It provides a new research method for the automatic smelting technology of the electric melting magnesium furnace.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TP274.2

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