【摘要】：隨著鋼鐵工業(yè)的發(fā)展,鋼坯重量的增加、軋制速度的提高以及主電動機功率的增大,國內(nèi)外軋鋼機主傳動系統(tǒng)都曾發(fā)生過嚴重損壞事故。損壞的主要原因之一是主傳動控制系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)問題。軋機主傳動控制系統(tǒng)的性能優(yōu)劣直接影響到生產(chǎn)效率和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量,因此世界工業(yè)發(fā)達國家都投入了大量人力物力對軋機主傳動控制系統(tǒng)進行研究。本文以鞍鋼高性能硅鋼工程20輥可逆冷軋機的工程設(shè)計為研究平臺,從電氣設(shè)計的角度對20輥可逆冷軋機主傳動系統(tǒng)進行分析研究。主傳動控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計是一個比較復(fù)雜的問題,可以有許多不同的傳動方案,傳動方案的優(yōu)化是進一步設(shè)計的前提,直接影響著設(shè)計結(jié)果。所以本文首先對主傳動電氣控制方案進行反復(fù)研究比較,最終確定了交-直-交公共直流母線脈沖脈寬調(diào)制(PWM)全數(shù)字矢量控制變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)方案,選擇了CONVERTEAM公司的ALSPA MV7000系列中壓變頻器,主傳動變壓器采用樹脂絕緣干式整流變壓器,主傳動電動機采用籠式異步交流電動機。在深入學習控制工程理論的基礎(chǔ)上,研究主傳動系統(tǒng)的組成,完成了交-直-交變頻調(diào)速系統(tǒng)方案的設(shè)計,對主傳動控制系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進行了重點闡述：采用IEGT大功率元件,確保變頻器具有更高的可靠性；采用主動前端整流單元,確保變頻器網(wǎng)側(cè)電流為諧波很少的正弦波,且功率因數(shù)接近于1；采用三電平中性點箝位逆變單元,保證輸出優(yōu)越的電動機電壓波形,使電動機電流包含更低的諧波電流；采用高性能控制器,配置了矢量控制軟件,以實現(xiàn)高性能的PWM矢量控制計算、確保變頻器的安全性。基于以上的理論研究完成了主傳動變壓器參數(shù)計算及型號確定；完成了主傳動變頻器的型號選擇；完成了主傳動電動機的設(shè)計。然后進行了硬件設(shè)備的安裝和控制系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試和完善。鞍鋼高性能硅鋼工程20輥可逆冷軋機自調(diào)試運行后,軋制出的產(chǎn)品板型好、尺寸精度高、技術(shù)性能指標達均到了設(shè)計要求。該主傳動控制系統(tǒng)在運行中具有穩(wěn)定可靠、控制精度高、操作方便、維修簡單等特點,驗證了本文設(shè)計的正確性和可行性。實踐證明在未來的冷軋生產(chǎn)線主傳動變頻裝置中,交-交變頻調(diào)速方式日趨被交-直-交變頻調(diào)速方式所取代。
[Abstract]:With the development of iron and steel industry, the increase of billet weight, the increase of rolling speed and the increase of power of main motor, the main transmission system of rolling mill has been seriously damaged at home and abroad. One of the main causes of the damage is the failure of the main drive control system. The performance of the main drive control system of rolling mill directly affects the production efficiency and product quality, so the developed countries in the world have invested a lot of manpower and material resources to study the main drive control system of rolling mill. Based on the engineering design of 20 roll reversible cold rolling mill in Angang high performance silicon steel project, the main transmission system of 20 roll reversible cold rolling mill is analyzed and studied from the angle of electrical design. The design of main drive control system is a complicated problem, there can be many different transmission schemes, the optimization of transmission scheme is the premise of further design, which directly affects the design results. In this paper, the main drive electrical control scheme is studied and compared repeatedly, and the scheme of AC-DC-AC common DC bus pulse width modulation (PWM) full digital vector control variable frequency speed control system is finally determined in this paper. The ALSPA MV7000 series medium voltage converter of CONVERTEAM Company is selected. The resin insulated dry rectifier transformer is used in the main transmission transformer and the cage asynchronous AC motor is used in the main drive motor. On the basis of deeply studying the control engineering theory, the composition of the main drive system is studied, and the design of the AC-DC-AC variable-frequency speed regulating system is completed. The key technology of the main drive control system is described emphatically: adopting the IEGT high-power element, To ensure higher reliability of the inverter; to use active front-end rectifier unit to ensure that the converter grid side current is a sinusoidal wave with few harmonics, and the power factor is close to 1; to use three-level neutral point clamp inverter unit, The high performance controller and vector control software are used to realize the calculation of high performance PWM vector control and to ensure the safety of inverter. Based on the above theoretical research, the parameter calculation and model determination of the main drive transformer are completed; the type selection of the main drive converter is completed; and the design of the main drive motor is completed. Then the hardware installation and control system is debugged and perfected. After self-debugging and running of 20-high reversible cold rolling mill in Angang High-Performance Silicon Steel Project, the products rolled out have good plate shape, high dimension precision, and the technical performance indexes have reached the design requirements. The main drive control system has the characteristics of stable and reliable operation, high control precision, convenient operation and simple maintenance. The correctness and feasibility of the design are verified. It has been proved by practice that in the future main drive frequency conversion device of cold rolling production line, AC-AC frequency conversion speed regulation mode is gradually replaced by AC-DC frequency conversion speed regulation mode.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TG333.15;TP273

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