【摘要】：針對單線結(jié)構(gòu)光測量因范圍有限以及遮擋等原因而無法檢測整個(gè)車輪的輪緣及踏面的問題,提出了一種列車輪對雙目雙線結(jié)構(gòu)光檢測方法。該方法采用兩組雙線結(jié)構(gòu)光傳感器進(jìn)行測量和數(shù)據(jù)采集。在兩傳感器產(chǎn)生的點(diǎn)云進(jìn)行配準(zhǔn)的過程中使用截面點(diǎn)云數(shù)據(jù)還原點(diǎn)云矩陣,然后對其進(jìn)行傅里葉變換,在計(jì)算旋轉(zhuǎn)角度時(shí)先進(jìn)行極坐標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)換,最后求取兩矩陣的互功率譜,從而得到點(diǎn)云的旋轉(zhuǎn)和平移矩陣。在此過程中考慮到點(diǎn)云噪聲的存在,將辛格函數(shù)近似代替無噪聲的互功率譜傅里葉反變換,從而確定在頻域配準(zhǔn)時(shí)噪聲對配準(zhǔn)參數(shù)的確定并無影響。接著采用相對值比較的算法和主成分分析擬合基準(zhǔn)平面,對輪對直徑方向進(jìn)行標(biāo)定。利用標(biāo)定值對掃描數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理,得出包括車輪直徑、車輪滾動圓徑向跳動等對尺寸參數(shù)。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明:點(diǎn)云頻域配準(zhǔn)的雙目雙線輪對檢測技術(shù)對車輪直徑的測量尺寸誤差≤±0.05mm,車輪端跳的測量誤差≤±0.06mm,車輪徑跳的測量誤差≤0.04mm。與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輪對檢測數(shù)據(jù)相比可知,該系統(tǒng)滿足輪對檢測精度的要求。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem that the single line structured light measurement can not detect the wheel flange and tread due to the limited range and occlusion, a new method of train wheelset binocular double line structured light detection is proposed. In this method, two groups of two-wire structured light sensors are used for measurement and data acquisition. In the registration process of point cloud generated by two sensors, point cloud data is used to restore point cloud matrix, and then Fourier transform is carried out. Polar coordinate transformation is carried out before calculating rotation angle. Finally, the cross-power spectrum of the two matrices is obtained. The rotation and translation matrices of the point cloud are obtained. In this process, the existence of point cloud noise is considered, and the Singer function is approximated to replace the noiseless cross-power spectrum Fourier inverse transform, so it is determined that the matching just-in-time noise in frequency domain has no effect on the determination of registration parameters. Then the relative value comparison algorithm and principal component analysis are used to fit the datum plane to calibrate the diameter direction of wheelset. The scanning data are processed by the calibration value, and the parameters including wheel diameter, wheel rolling circle radial runout and so on are obtained. The experimental results show that the measurement error of the binocular pair of wheels in point cloud frequency domain is 鈮，

本文編號：2155129