【摘要】：隨著光纖傳感器應(yīng)用的不斷擴大,對高靈敏度光纖Bragg光柵壓力傳感器的需求越來越明顯。但是各生產(chǎn)傳感器的廠家的生產(chǎn)能力,以及傳感器設(shè)計能力,還有生產(chǎn)對于工藝以及對應(yīng)的質(zhì)量等卻是參差不齊,如何選擇符合檢測標(biāo)定規(guī)程要求的光纖傳感儀表是急需解決的問題。壓力傳感器的檢測已經(jīng)成為一項重要的指標(biāo)。隨著現(xiàn)代化腳步的加快,工業(yè)生產(chǎn)不斷緊湊,高壓變壓器、高壓開關(guān)柜等一次設(shè)備,變電站內(nèi)建筑物、電力塔架等中的應(yīng)用,對其物理量參數(shù)測量的準(zhǔn)確性,將會對監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)故障診斷帶來直接的影響。壓力傳感器主要是利用光纖的波長對溫度、應(yīng)變的敏感特性研制出的新一代光纖傳感器,而且傳感器具有能多點分布檢測、抗電磁干擾、長期穩(wěn)定性、精度高等特點,因此已經(jīng)在電力工業(yè)、智能材料的性能檢測、混凝土的結(jié)構(gòu)監(jiān)測等領(lǐng)域有了廣泛的應(yīng)用。與過去的光纖傳感器比較的話,不難發(fā)現(xiàn)波長調(diào)制類型號的光纖光柵傳感器顯然具備著傳統(tǒng)類型的光纖傳感器所不曾擁有的獨特之處。本文對壓力傳感器智能檢定系統(tǒng)及其在壓力測試實驗方面的應(yīng)用進行了深入研究,研制出一種新式壓力傳感器智能檢定系統(tǒng),并對其功能的智能化、軟硬件方面的配置全方位的進行了設(shè)計。該傳感器具有準(zhǔn)確的重復(fù)性、靈敏度和線性度,同時利用光纖布拉格光柵解調(diào)器對光柵的布拉格波長漂移進行了檢測,實驗結(jié)果與理論值基本一致。本文主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)本文主要介紹了光纖光柵的基本結(jié)構(gòu)以及相關(guān)理論,然后對光纖Bragg光柵的應(yīng)變、應(yīng)力、溫度傳感相關(guān)特性進行了全面的分析,同時再分析了應(yīng)變、溫度交叉在現(xiàn)實應(yīng)用中,所出現(xiàn)的敏感問題所采取的解決方法,設(shè)計光纖光柵壓力傳感器的結(jié)構(gòu),推導(dǎo)壓力傳感器的數(shù)學(xué)模型,為后面光纖智能壓力檢定實驗提供理論依據(jù)。(2)建立一個光纖布拉格光柵壓力傳感器的智能校準(zhǔn)系統(tǒng)的測試環(huán)境,壓力傳感器的硬件設(shè)計、軟件體系結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計、數(shù)據(jù)庫設(shè)計、智能壓力檢測系統(tǒng)的開發(fā),對壓力傳感器的數(shù)據(jù)計算、存儲、打印檢測報告。(3)基于光纖布拉格光柵壓力傳感器的實驗數(shù)據(jù),通過相關(guān)公式可以計算出靈敏度、線性度、重復(fù)性誤差和靜態(tài)指標(biāo),然后對計算結(jié)果進行誤差分析,并在實驗中進行誤差分析。
[Abstract]:With the increasing application of fiber optic sensors, the demand for high sensitivity fiber Bragg grating pressure sensors is becoming more and more obvious. However, the production capacity of the manufacturers that produce the sensors, as well as their sensor design capabilities, as well as the production capacity for the process and the corresponding quality, are uneven. How to select the optical fiber sensor which meets the requirements of inspection and calibration rules is an urgent problem to be solved. Pressure sensor detection has become an important indicator. With the quickening pace of modernization, the industrial production is becoming more and more compact, the accuracy of measuring the physical parameters of the primary equipment, such as high-voltage transformers, high-voltage switchgear, buildings in substations, power towers, etc., It will have a direct effect on fault diagnosis of monitoring system. The pressure sensor is a new generation of optical fiber sensor, which is mainly developed by using the sensitivity of optical fiber wavelength to temperature and strain. Moreover, the sensor has the characteristics of multi-point distribution detection of energy, resistance to electromagnetic interference, long-term stability, high precision and so on. Therefore, it has been widely used in power industry, intelligent material performance testing, concrete structure monitoring and other fields. Compared with the previous fiber optic sensors, it is not difficult to find that the wavelength modulation type fiber grating sensors are obviously unique than the traditional type of fiber optic sensors. In this paper, the intelligent verification system of pressure sensor and its application in pressure test experiment are deeply studied. A new type of intelligent verification system for pressure sensor is developed, and its function is intelligentized. Hardware and software configuration of the overall design. The sensor has accurate repeatability, sensitivity and linearity. At the same time, the Bragg wavelength drift of the grating is detected by fiber Bragg grating demodulator. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical values. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the basic structure and related theory of fiber Bragg grating are introduced in this paper. Then the strain, stress and temperature sensing characteristics of fiber Bragg grating are analyzed comprehensively, and the strain is also analyzed. In the practical application of temperature crossover, the solution to the sensitive problem, the structure of fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the mathematical model of the pressure sensor are designed. It provides the theoretical basis for the experiment of optical fiber intelligent pressure verification. (2) the test environment of an intelligent calibration system for fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, the hardware design of pressure sensor, the design of software architecture, the design of database, The development of intelligent pressure detection system, the calculation, storage and printing of the pressure sensor data. (3) based on the experimental data of fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, the sensitivity, linearity can be calculated through the relevant formulas. The repeatability error and static index are analyzed, and the error analysis is carried out in the experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP212

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