【摘要】：在交流傳動領(lǐng)域中,直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制(DTC)技術(shù)具備簡單的結(jié)構(gòu)、良好的動態(tài)性能,且涉及的電機(jī)參數(shù)少等優(yōu)點(diǎn),是繼矢量控制之后另一種具有寬廣應(yīng)用前景的交流調(diào)速策略,因而受到了普遍的關(guān)注。然而,傳統(tǒng)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制系統(tǒng)存在轉(zhuǎn)矩與磁鏈脈動大、開關(guān)頻率不恒定、電機(jī)參數(shù)變動或外界攝動時(shí)系統(tǒng)魯棒性低等問題限制其運(yùn)用�；Ｗ兘Y(jié)構(gòu)控制是一種非線性控制方法,具有“滑動模態(tài)”可以進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),對系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的變化及外界擾動具有較強(qiáng)的魯棒性的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此本文以抑制轉(zhuǎn)矩與磁鏈脈動、保持開關(guān)頻率恒定為出發(fā)點(diǎn),將滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)控制策略用于異步電機(jī)的DTC系統(tǒng)中。本文首先給出了異步電機(jī)的數(shù)學(xué)模型、闡述了異步電機(jī)DTC的基本原理、剖析了傳統(tǒng)DTC轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動的根本原因。其次,運(yùn)用了滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)理論,研究了以轉(zhuǎn)矩誤差與磁鏈誤差作為狀態(tài)變量實(shí)現(xiàn)對傳統(tǒng)DTC轉(zhuǎn)矩與磁鏈脈動的抑制方案。然后,針對滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)控制自身的抖振問題,采用了一種改進(jìn)型趨近律方法,并以二階系統(tǒng)為對象設(shè)計(jì)了基于改進(jìn)型趨近律滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)控制器,與基于等速趨近律的滑�？刂破鬟M(jìn)行對比分析。接著,設(shè)計(jì)了基于轉(zhuǎn)矩與磁鏈滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)的異步電機(jī)DTC系統(tǒng),其主要思路是利用新設(shè)計(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)矩與磁鏈滑�？刂破鱽砣〈鷤鹘y(tǒng)DTC中的滯環(huán)調(diào)節(jié)器,采用頻率恒定的空間矢量脈寬調(diào)制(SVPWM)技術(shù)代替電壓開關(guān)矢量選擇表進(jìn)行電源逆變控制。最后在以上研究的基礎(chǔ)上用Matlab/Simulink搭建了基于轉(zhuǎn)矩與磁鏈滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)的異步電機(jī)SVM-DTC系統(tǒng)的仿真模型。仿真結(jié)果表明,該系統(tǒng)與傳統(tǒng)DTC系統(tǒng)相比,轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動率由原來的75%減少到9.4%,相對減少了 87.47%,定子磁鏈軌跡更近似圓形軌跡且脈動也得到有效抑制,逆變器開關(guān)頻率近似恒定的同時(shí),系統(tǒng)對參數(shù)變化和外部干擾表現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的魯棒性。
[Abstract]:In the field of AC transmission, direct torque control (DTC) technology has the advantages of simple structure, good dynamic performance and less motor parameters. It is another kind of AC speed regulation strategy with broad application prospect after vector control. As a result, it has received widespread attention. However, the traditional direct torque control system has many problems, such as large torque and flux ripple, unsteady switching frequency, low robustness of the system when the motor parameters change or outside perturbation, and so on. Sliding mode variable structure control is a nonlinear control method, which can be designed by sliding mode, and has strong robustness to the variation of system parameters and external disturbances. Therefore, in order to restrain the torque and flux ripple and keep the switching frequency constant, the sliding mode variable structure control strategy is applied to the DTC system of asynchronous motor. In this paper, the mathematical model of asynchronous motor is given, the basic principle of DTC is expounded, and the fundamental reason of traditional DTC torque ripple is analyzed. Secondly, the sliding mode variable structure theory is used to study the scheme of restraining the traditional DTC torque and flux ripple by using torque error and flux error as state variables. Then, for the chattering problem of sliding mode variable structure control, an improved approach law method is adopted, and a sliding mode variable structure controller based on the improved approach law is designed for the second order system. It is compared with the sliding mode controller based on the constant velocity approach law. Then, the DTC system of asynchronous motor based on torque and flux chain sliding mode variable structure is designed. The main idea is to replace the traditional hysteresis regulator with the new designed torque and flux chain sliding mode controller. The frequency constant space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technique is used to control the inverter instead of the voltage switch vector selector. Finally, the simulation model of SVM-DTC system based on torque and flux chain sliding mode variable structure is built by Matlab / Simulink. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional DTC system, the torque ripple rate of the system is reduced from 75% to 9.4%, and the stator flux path is more similar to the circular path and the ripple is effectively suppressed. While the switching frequency of the inverter is approximately constant, the system is robust to the variation of parameters and external interference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP273;TM343

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