本文選題：自由場 + 沖擊波　； 參考：《中北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：爆炸沖擊波是表征武器毀傷效能的重要組成部分,沖擊波超壓、正壓持續(xù)時間和沖量則是評價常規(guī)兵器毀傷效能的主要參數(shù),精確的測得相關(guān)參數(shù)對彈藥威力評估及研制有著非常重要的指導(dǎo)意義。目前沖擊波測試一般分為地面超壓測試和自由場超壓測試,前者的作用過程受環(huán)境因素干擾明顯,導(dǎo)致地面超壓的測試結(jié)果與彈藥實際威力評估的誤差較大。而自由場超壓測試是在周邊沒有障礙物或近似無影響下的條件下完成的,可提高測試的準(zhǔn)確性,因此對爆炸自由場的沖擊波測試方法研究顯得尤為重要。鑒于此,本文采用存儲測試原理完成了爆炸自由場沖擊波測試系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計,主要包括系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)、工作原理、軟硬件設(shè)計、數(shù)據(jù)處理方法等,并將同步技術(shù)應(yīng)用其中,使相互獨立工作的系統(tǒng)之間具有統(tǒng)一的時間基準(zhǔn),從而為數(shù)據(jù)處理提供可靠依據(jù)。本文首先對比了不同類型壓力傳感器的優(yōu)缺點,選用了PCB公司的137系列傳感器,設(shè)計了專門的適配電路,使其誤差在2%以內(nèi),大大提高了測試精度。由于測試現(xiàn)場環(huán)境十分惡劣,為提高系統(tǒng)的通用性及可靠性,采用FPGA進(jìn)行各邏輯電路的集成設(shè)計,主要包括AD轉(zhuǎn)換器的時序控制、采樣頻率的可編程控制、觸發(fā)控制器及地址發(fā)生器等。而單片機的主要任務(wù)是負(fù)責(zé)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸、電源管理與控制、整合秒脈沖上升沿與觸發(fā)信號上升沿的時間差值。這種緊湊的設(shè)計減小了系統(tǒng)體積且降低系統(tǒng)功耗,并且設(shè)計的系統(tǒng)已在靶場環(huán)境下進(jìn)行了靜爆試驗。表明該系統(tǒng)能滿足沖擊波的測試要求,具有很好的實用性和應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Explosion shock wave is an important part of weapon damage effectiveness. Shock wave overpressure, positive pressure duration and impulse are the main parameters to evaluate the damage effectiveness of conventional weapons. Accurate measurement of the relevant parameters is of great significance for the evaluation and development of ammunition power. At present, shock wave testing is generally divided into ground overpressure test and free-field overpressure test. The former's action process is obviously disturbed by environmental factors, which results in a large error between the ground overpressure test results and the actual ammunition power evaluation. The free field overpressure test is completed under the condition that there are no obstacles or almost no influence, which can improve the accuracy of the measurement, so it is very important to study the shock wave measurement method of the explosion free field. In view of this, this paper completes the design of shock wave test system of explosion free field by using storage test principle, including system structure, working principle, software and hardware design, data processing method, etc. The system working independently has a unified time benchmark, which provides a reliable basis for data processing. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of different types of pressure sensors are compared at first. The 137 series sensors of PCB Company are selected, and a special adaptor circuit is designed to make the error within 2%, which greatly improves the testing accuracy. In order to improve the generality and reliability of the system, FPGA is used to design the integrated logic circuits, including the timing control of AD converter and the programmable control of sampling frequency. Trigger controller and address generator etc. The main tasks of SCM are data transmission, power management and control, integration of the time difference between the rise edge of second pulse and the rising edge of trigger signal. The compact design reduces the volume of the system and reduces the power consumption of the system, and the designed system has been tested in the firing range environment. It shows that the system can meet the requirements of shock wave testing and has good practicability and application prospect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TJ06;TP212;TP274

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