本文選題：車(chē)內(nèi)環(huán)境污染 + 實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),汽車(chē)行業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,汽車(chē)保有量與汽車(chē)駕駛?cè)藬?shù)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng),與此同時(shí)也存在著一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題:車(chē)內(nèi)環(huán)境污染。由于車(chē)內(nèi)空間小、封閉性好,即使是少量有害物質(zhì)也很容易積累成高濃度,加之人在車(chē)內(nèi)停留的時(shí)間普遍較長(zhǎng),據(jù)美國(guó)Ann Arbor環(huán)境集團(tuán)研究表明:車(chē)內(nèi)有害物質(zhì)濃度是裝修家居和辦公室中的5-10倍,比室內(nèi)環(huán)境污染更具有危害性。車(chē)內(nèi)環(huán)境污染按來(lái)源主要分為兩大類(lèi):一方面是車(chē)內(nèi)自身零部件和裝飾材料的釋放,主要是甲醛;另一方面是車(chē)外空氣的滲入,主要是漂浮粉塵。雖然目前國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)上針對(duì)這兩種污染物的監(jiān)測(cè)設(shè)備種類(lèi)繁多,但大多數(shù)為化學(xué)式或手持式設(shè)備,存在著無(wú)法網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)測(cè)、數(shù)據(jù)無(wú)法存儲(chǔ)、設(shè)備價(jià)格昂貴等問(wèn)題。因此,隨著移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展,綜合運(yùn)用4G無(wú)線通信技術(shù),傳感器技術(shù),圖像采集技術(shù),Web開(kāi)發(fā),數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)等前沿技術(shù)是未來(lái)車(chē)內(nèi)環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)監(jiān)測(cè)的研究趨勢(shì)。課題以此為出發(fā)點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)式車(chē)內(nèi)環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng),并通過(guò)硬件PCB的制作和功能實(shí)現(xiàn)來(lái)論證設(shè)計(jì)方案的可行性�？紤]到車(chē)內(nèi)環(huán)境的移動(dòng)性,系統(tǒng)采用4G無(wú)線通信方式,并以此為基礎(chǔ)結(jié)合Web互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)完成了包括軟硬件在內(nèi)的系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計(jì),系統(tǒng)主要包括主控模塊,4G無(wú)線通信模塊,傳感器模塊,圖像采集模塊,云服務(wù)器監(jiān)測(cè)中心五個(gè)部分。研究并對(duì)比了關(guān)于甲醛,粉塵的多種檢出方法與適用場(chǎng)景,確定了適合本系統(tǒng)的各模塊芯片型號(hào),并對(duì)系統(tǒng)硬件各模塊進(jìn)行深入分析,使用Altium Designer完成系統(tǒng)硬件總體原理圖設(shè)計(jì),PCB設(shè)計(jì)。在Keil環(huán)境下,使用C語(yǔ)言完成各模塊軟件編程,實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)采集并驅(qū)動(dòng)4G無(wú)線模塊建立與云服務(wù)器的TCP連接實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。系統(tǒng)設(shè)定閾值報(bào)警功能,完成了中文短信的PDU編碼,當(dāng)監(jiān)測(cè)到污染物濃度過(guò)高時(shí),可向包括車(chē)主及車(chē)主家人在內(nèi)的多組預(yù)設(shè)號(hào)碼以SMS短消息方式報(bào)警,同時(shí)觸發(fā)攝像頭拍照,實(shí)現(xiàn)車(chē)內(nèi)可視化,輔助不在車(chē)內(nèi)的車(chē)主家人了解車(chē)內(nèi)情況,遠(yuǎn)程判斷高污染物濃度下車(chē)內(nèi)是否有人,狀態(tài)如何,防止高污染物濃度下司機(jī)因疲勞獨(dú)自在車(chē)內(nèi)休息,以及輔助判斷車(chē)內(nèi)人員是否吸煙等等。云服務(wù)器監(jiān)測(cè)中心軟件平臺(tái)的設(shè)計(jì),包括TCP控制程序設(shè)計(jì)、Web服務(wù)器端軟件設(shè)計(jì)(JSP+Servlet+Java Bean)、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)、微信公眾平臺(tái)的開(kāi)發(fā)。使用Tomcat Web服務(wù)器和My SQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。在Eclipse環(huán)境下,通過(guò)Java Socket編程實(shí)現(xiàn)甲醛、粉塵、溫濕度、圖片信息的接收和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)存儲(chǔ),同時(shí)對(duì)硬件設(shè)備進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)回傳。使用JSP+Servlet+Java Bean完成Java Web工程的開(kāi)發(fā),滿足用戶通過(guò)動(dòng)態(tài)Web頁(yè)面對(duì)實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)、歷史數(shù)據(jù)、歷史圖片信息的查詢(xún)。通過(guò)云服務(wù)器后臺(tái)Servlet編程實(shí)現(xiàn)微信公眾平臺(tái)的URL有效性驗(yàn)證,數(shù)據(jù)解析與返回,習(xí)慣使用微信客戶端的用戶可通過(guò)微信公眾號(hào)以命令問(wèn)答的形式獲取實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)。完成系統(tǒng)硬件PCB和軟件的總體調(diào)試,并測(cè)試系統(tǒng)功能。測(cè)試結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)各模塊工作正常,實(shí)現(xiàn)了預(yù)期各項(xiàng)功能,論證了系統(tǒng)所提出設(shè)計(jì)方案:數(shù)據(jù)采集,基于4G的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸,云服務(wù)器數(shù)據(jù)接收、回傳和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)存儲(chǔ),基于Web與微信公眾平臺(tái)的數(shù)據(jù)查詢(xún)以上通信過(guò)程的可行性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the automobile industry has developed rapidly, and the number of car ownership and the number of motorists continued to increase. At the same time, there is a serious problem: the internal environment pollution in the car. Because of the small space in the car and the good closeness, even a small amount of harmful substances can easily accumulate into high concentration, and the time of staying in the car is generally long, according to An N Arbor environment group research shows that the concentration of harmful substances in the car is 5-10 times as much as in the decoration home and office, which is more dangerous than the indoor environmental pollution. The internal environment pollution in the car is divided into two main categories: one is the release of the auto parts and decorative materials in the car, the main form of formaldehyde is formaldehyde, and the other is the infiltration of the air outside the car, It is mainly floating dust. Although there are a wide variety of monitoring equipment for these two kinds of pollutants in the domestic market, most of them are chemical or hand-held equipment. There are problems that can not be monitored by network, data can not be stored, and equipment is expensive. Therefore, with the development of mobile Internet, 4G wireless communication technology is used in a comprehensive way. Technology, image acquisition technology, Web development, database and other advanced technologies are the research trend of the future vehicle environmental data monitoring. As a starting point, a real-time monitoring system for network internal environment data is designed. The feasibility of the design scheme is demonstrated by the production and function realization of hardware PCB. The mobility of the interior environment is considered. The system uses the 4G wireless communication mode, and based on the Web Internet technology to complete the overall scheme design of the system including the hardware and software, including the main control module, the 4G wireless communication module, the sensor module, the image acquisition module and the cloud server monitoring center five parts. A variety of detection methods and applicable scenes are used to determine the model of each module suitable for this system, and the hardware modules of the system are analyzed in depth. Altium Designer is used to complete the overall schematic design of the system hardware and PCB design. In the environment of Keil, the software programming of each module is completed by C language, and the data acquisition is realized and the 4G wireless module is driven. The system sets up the TCP connection with the cloud server to realize the data transmission. The system sets the threshold alarm function and completes the PDU encoding of the Chinese text message. When the concentration of the pollutants is too high, it can alarm the number of preset numbers including the owner and the owner's family by SMS short message, take the photo with the Shi Chufa camera, realize the visualization in the vehicle, assist in the visualization. It is not in the car owner's family to know the situation in the car, to judge whether the high pollutant concentration is in the car, and how to prevent the driver to rest in the car alone in the high pollutant concentration, as well as to judge whether the car is smoking or not. The design of the core software platform in the cloud server monitoring, including the TCP control program design, W EB server end software design (JSP+Servlet+Java Bean), database design, the development of WeChat public platform. Using Tomcat Web server and My SQL database. In Eclipse environment, through Java Socket programming to achieve formaldehyde, dust, temperature and humidity, picture information receiving and database storage, and data back to the hardware equipment at the same time. Use JS. P+Servlet+Java Bean completes the development of Java Web project, and meets the user's query of real-time data, historical data, historical picture information through dynamic Web pages. Through the cloud server background Servlet programming, the URL validity verification of the WeChat public platform, data parsing and return, users who use WeChat client can pass WeChat public. The system hardware PCB and software are debugged in the form of command QA. The overall debugging of the system hardware and software is completed and the system functions are tested. The test results show that the system modules work normally, the expected functions are realized, and the design schemes of the system are demonstrated: data acquisition, data transmission based on 4G, data receiving and return of cloud server. And database storage, based on data from Web and WeChat public platform to query the feasibility of the above communication process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP311.52;TP274

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