發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-29 14:30

  本文選題：二氧化碳施肥器 + 生物質(zhì)原料��； 參考：《西安工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人們生活質(zhì)量的提高,設(shè)施溫室蔬菜在人們生活需求的蔬菜中占的比重越來越大,而影響設(shè)施溫室蔬菜整體質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵就是二氧化碳?xì)夥实墓┙o。尤其是在秋冬季節(jié)由于溫室長(zhǎng)時(shí)間封閉,造成溫室內(nèi)二氧化碳的缺乏,對(duì)蔬菜的生長(zhǎng)影響很大。目前溫室內(nèi)常用的二氧化碳施肥器,主要是采用化學(xué)反應(yīng)法、燃燒法等。但考慮到成本較高,使用不方便,且在使用過程中容易對(duì)溫室造成一些污染,因此設(shè)計(jì)一種自動(dòng)化程度高、價(jià)格低廉、符合環(huán)境可持續(xù)發(fā)展的二氧化碳施肥器至關(guān)重要。通過對(duì)生物質(zhì)原料發(fā)酵制取二氧化碳的研究,采用雙腔移動(dòng)式分層發(fā)酵的方法,進(jìn)行了二氧化碳施肥器的整體設(shè)計(jì),建立了裝置模型,并根據(jù)裝置的基本設(shè)計(jì)要求完成對(duì)物料箱、加水裝置、加熱裝置、通風(fēng)裝置、空壓裝置等整機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)、制造、調(diào)試。采用PLC與組態(tài)軟件控制的方式,設(shè)計(jì)了二氧化碳施肥器的控制系統(tǒng),完成了PLC及各傳感器等電器元件的選型。軟件采用自上而下的模塊化設(shè)計(jì)方法,利用組態(tài)監(jiān)控軟件完成了智能二氧化碳施肥器控制系統(tǒng)(主界面)、歷史曲線、報(bào)警狀態(tài)、外界報(bào)表四個(gè)人機(jī)交互界面的編程及控制程序的編程；通過編程口的設(shè)置完成了組態(tài)軟件與PLC之間的網(wǎng)絡(luò)通訊,并調(diào)試成功,最終完成的二氧化碳施肥器可以進(jìn)行手動(dòng)控制和自動(dòng)控制。本文還進(jìn)行了如下試驗(yàn)：利用不同生物質(zhì)原料的有機(jī)物含量及產(chǎn)氣率的試驗(yàn),確定生物質(zhì)原料采用小麥秸稈與豆餅的組合；通過不同溫度、碳氮比、含水量等環(huán)境條件下的產(chǎn)氣速率比較,得出了最佳發(fā)酵條件、裝置內(nèi)的空氣濕度和保持時(shí)間；通過裝置內(nèi)外溫濕度的對(duì)比試驗(yàn),完成了對(duì)整個(gè)施肥器的可靠性驗(yàn)證；通過日產(chǎn)氣量的測(cè)定,得出該施肥器滿足溫室的使用要求。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's quality of life, greenhouse vegetables account for more and more of the vegetables that people need. The key to affect the overall quality of greenhouse vegetables is the supply of carbon dioxide gas fertilizer. Especially in the autumn and winter seasons, the greenhouse is closed for a long time, resulting in the lack of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse, which has a great impact on the growth of vegetables. At present, the commonly used carbon dioxide fertilizer in greenhouse is chemical reaction method, combustion method and so on. However, considering the high cost, inconvenient use and some pollution in greenhouse, it is very important to design a kind of carbon dioxide fertilizer with high automation, low price and accord with the sustainable development of environment. Based on the study of biomass feedstock fermentation to produce carbon dioxide, the whole design of carbon dioxide fertilizer was carried out by using the method of two-chamber mobile layered fermentation, and the device model was established. According to the basic design requirements of the device, the design, manufacture and debugging of the whole machine, such as the material box, the water adding device, the heating device, the ventilation device and the air pressure device, are completed. The control system of carbon dioxide fertilizer is designed by means of PLC and configuration software. The selection of electrical components such as PLC and sensors is completed. The software adopts the top-down modular design method, and uses the configuration monitoring software to complete the control system of the intelligent carbon dioxide fertilizer applicator (main interface, history curve, alarm state, etc.) The programming of the four man-machine interface and the control program of the external report forms, the network communication between the configuration software and the PLC is completed through the setting of the programming port, and the debugging is successful. The finished carbon dioxide fertilizer can be controlled manually and automatically. The following experiments were also carried out in this paper: the combination of wheat straw and soybean cake was determined by using the organic content and gas production rate of different biomass raw materials, and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen was determined by different temperatures. The optimum fermentation conditions, air humidity and retention time were obtained by comparing the gas production rate under the environmental conditions such as water content, and the reliability of the whole fertilizer was verified by the comparative test of temperature and humidity inside and outside the plant. Through the measurement of daily gas production, it is concluded that the fertilizer can meet the requirements of greenhouse.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S224.2;TP273

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