本文選題：ITER + 極向場變流器�。� 參考：《中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：ITER國際熱核聚變堆是人類旨在解決未來能源危機(jī)的重大國際合作項目,極向場變流器系統(tǒng)是該聚變堆的重要組成部分,也是迄今為止世界上功率最大的變流器系統(tǒng),其額定裝機(jī)容量4600 MVA,每組電源額定輸出55 kA,在大電流測量方面提出了迫切的需求。本論文研制了基于磁傳感器陣列的新型電流傳感器,滿足ITER裝置高穩(wěn)定度、高精度和快速響應(yīng)的電流測量要求。論文主要的研究工作和創(chuàng)新如下:建立基于電流微元法的電流磁場模型,分析了極向場載流母排周圍的磁場及梯度分布。利用該分析結(jié)果,比較了磁傳感器陣列采用圓形排布和矩形排布結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)劣。在平行雙直導(dǎo)線模型下,提出了用于圓形磁傳感器陣列的的串?dāng)_場抑制方法。提出了適用于磁傳感器陣列電路和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計的技術(shù)方案,詳細(xì)分析了磁傳感器陣列在工程實現(xiàn)上遇到的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)難題,論述了陣列上多傳感器進(jìn)行靈敏度歸一化的方法,并重點討論了磁傳感器選擇,緩沖電路、溫度補(bǔ)償電路和接地的設(shè)計,保證了工程應(yīng)用中磁傳感器陣列測量的準(zhǔn)確性和運行的可靠性。針對圓形排布磁傳感器陣列不再適用于大尺寸截面載流母排電流測量的問題,首次提出了使用矩形排布磁傳感器陣列的技術(shù)方案,采用了在積分環(huán)路磁場不連續(xù)點分段測量和使用高階辛普森數(shù)值積分算法處理數(shù)據(jù)等方法,極大地減小了由于矩形積分環(huán)路磁場梯度變化劇烈引入的計算誤差,提煉出矩形排布磁傳感器陣列快速設(shè)計的工程步驟。針對磁傳感器陣列在核聚變領(lǐng)域等復(fù)雜工況下的電磁兼容要求,研究了變流器運行時其劇烈的du/dt通過電場耦合傳播帶來的噪聲問題,論述了共模和差模噪聲傳導(dǎo)的通路,在無法使用濾波電路改善信號質(zhì)量的前提下,提出了優(yōu)于常規(guī)傳感器信號傳輸方式的逆并聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu),實驗證明測量信號中耦合的噪聲得到很好的抑制。完成了產(chǎn)品研制及試驗。試驗數(shù)據(jù)表明其完全滿足大尺寸截面母排電流測量需求,具有高可靠性,達(dá)到了 0.5級以上的準(zhǔn)確度等級,有較好的串?dāng)_場抑制能力和電磁兼容性能,諸多性能超越傳統(tǒng)的大電流傳感器。該傳感器不僅滿足ITER變流系統(tǒng)電流檢測要求,也可以推廣到國防、科研、冶金等大電流檢測行業(yè)。
[Abstract]:The ITER international thermonuclear fusion reactor is a major international cooperation project aimed at solving the future energy crisis. The poloidal field converter system is an important part of the fusion reactor, and it is also the most powerful converter system in the world so far. Its rated installed capacity is 4600 MVA and the rated output of each group of power sources is 55 Ka. It is urgent to measure the large current. In this paper, a new type of current sensor based on magnetic sensor array is developed to meet the requirements of high stability, high precision and fast response of ITER device. The main research work and innovations are as follows: the current magnetic field model based on the current microelement method is established and the magnetic field and gradient distribution around the poloidal current carrying bus are analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the advantages and disadvantages of circular and rectangular arrangement of magnetic sensor array are compared. In this paper, a crosstalk suppression method for circular magnetic sensor array is proposed under the parallel double straight wire model. This paper presents a technical scheme suitable for the circuit and structure design of magnetic sensor array, analyzes in detail the key technical problems encountered in the engineering implementation of magnetic sensor array, and discusses the method to normalize the sensitivity of multi-sensor array. The design of magnetic sensor selection, buffer circuit, temperature compensation circuit and grounding are discussed in order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of magnetic sensor array measurement in engineering application. Aiming at the problem that the circular magnetic sensor array is no longer suitable for the measurement of the current carrying busbar current with large cross-section, the technical scheme of using rectangular magnetic sensor array is proposed for the first time. The method is used to measure the magnetic field discontinuous points in the integral loop and to deal with the data by using the high order Simpson numerical integration algorithm, which greatly reduces the calculation error caused by the dramatic change of the magnetic field gradient in the rectangular integral loop. The engineering steps of rapid design of rectangular array magnetic sensor array are extracted. In view of the electromagnetic compatibility requirements of magnetic sensor arrays under complex conditions such as nuclear fusion, the noise caused by intense du/dt propagation by electric field coupling is studied, and the path of common mode and differential mode noise conduction is discussed. On the premise that the filter circuit can not be used to improve the signal quality, an inverse parallel structure is proposed, which is superior to the conventional sensor signal transmission mode. The experimental results show that the coupling noise in the measurement signal is well suppressed. Finished the product development and test. The experimental data show that it fully meets the needs of large size bus bar current measurement, has high reliability, reaches the accuracy level of more than 0.5 level, and has better crosstalk suppression ability and electromagnetic compatibility performance. Many performances outperform traditional high current sensors. The sensor not only meets the requirements of current detection in ITER converter system, but also can be applied to many industries such as national defense, scientific research, metallurgy and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP212

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