本文選題：甲醇 + 溫度　； 參考：《華北理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在甲醇生產(chǎn)過程中,由于工藝過程中各種條件的限制,會使合成的甲醇中產(chǎn)生很多雜質(zhì)。這就需要通過精餾方法對其進(jìn)行處理,將粗甲醇精餾成高純度甲醇產(chǎn)品。然而精餾系統(tǒng)中最重要的環(huán)節(jié)為精餾加壓塔部分,其中控制精餾加壓塔塔頂溫度的穩(wěn)定與精確對于能否生產(chǎn)出高質(zhì)量的甲醇產(chǎn)品至關(guān)重要。在這種溫度控制系統(tǒng)中,傳統(tǒng)的控制方法主要是通過PLC結(jié)合PID控制算法來完成。但是在實際的甲醇精餾環(huán)境中,面對這種復(fù)雜的非線性系統(tǒng),傳統(tǒng)控制方法難以使溫度的調(diào)節(jié)時間與超調(diào)量這兩個動態(tài)性能指標(biāo)同時都得到優(yōu)化。為了解決這種問題,設(shè)計中選用了變結(jié)構(gòu)控制算法結(jié)合ARM進(jìn)行控制器的設(shè)計,從而實現(xiàn)多性能指標(biāo)的優(yōu)化。首先,利用從現(xiàn)場取得的數(shù)據(jù)計算并建立出甲醇精餾加壓塔的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并在Simulink中搭建基于滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)控制算法和傳統(tǒng)PID算法的溫度控制系統(tǒng)仿真模型。滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)控制算法可以根據(jù)反饋值大小及變化快慢來產(chǎn)生不同的控制作用,這樣可以根據(jù)控制作用分別在溫度變化的不同階段對控制系統(tǒng)有不同的操作。使溫度變化過程中的調(diào)節(jié)時間與超調(diào)量這兩個性能指標(biāo)同時得到了良好的動態(tài)優(yōu)化。其次,為了解決滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)控制算法容易產(chǎn)生抖振的現(xiàn)象,通過引入模糊算法組成變結(jié)構(gòu)算法,模糊算法產(chǎn)生調(diào)節(jié)因子,將此調(diào)節(jié)因子和系統(tǒng)反饋差值作為滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)控制器的輸入,有效地解決了單一滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)算法容易產(chǎn)生抖振的現(xiàn)象。最后,搭建了精餾加壓塔的硬件模擬仿真電路。在仿真過程中,通過控制器中變結(jié)構(gòu)算法的處理與計算,輸出控制量給步進(jìn)電機,用步進(jìn)電機的轉(zhuǎn)動模擬閥門開度的變化,從而使塔頂溫度即液晶屏顯示數(shù)據(jù)得到調(diào)整。根據(jù)兩種仿真平臺的仿真結(jié)果比較得出,將變結(jié)構(gòu)控制算法應(yīng)用在甲醇精餾塔溫度控制過程中,能夠滿足生產(chǎn)過程中的穩(wěn)態(tài)與動態(tài)特性以及強魯棒性的要求,對于甲醇精餾生產(chǎn)過程有一定的指導(dǎo)意義,具有非常廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:In the process of methanol production, a lot of impurities will be produced in the synthetic methanol due to the limitation of various conditions in the process. Therefore, it is necessary to treat the crude methanol by rectifying it and turn the crude methanol into a high purity methanol product. However, the most important link in the distillation system is the distillation pressurized column, in which the stability and accuracy of the top temperature of the distillation pressurized tower is very important for the production of high quality methanol products. In this kind of temperature control system, the traditional control method is mainly accomplished by PLC and PID control algorithm. However, in the actual methanol distillation environment, in the face of this complex nonlinear system, the traditional control method is difficult to optimize the two dynamic performance indexes of temperature adjustment time and overshoot simultaneously. In order to solve this problem, the variable structure control algorithm combined with ARM is used to design the controller. Firstly, the mathematical model of methanol distillation pressurized column is established by using the data obtained from the field, and the simulation model of temperature control system based on sliding mode variable structure control algorithm and traditional PID algorithm is built in Simulink. The sliding mode variable structure control algorithm can produce different control effects according to the feedback value and the speed and speed of change, so the control system can be operated differently according to the control action at different stages of temperature change. In the process of temperature change, the two performance indexes, the adjusting time and the overshoot, are optimized dynamically. Secondly, in order to solve the problem that sliding mode variable structure control algorithm is easy to generate buffeting, by introducing fuzzy algorithm to form variable structure algorithm, fuzzy algorithm produces adjustment factor. This adjustment factor and the feedback difference of the system are used as input of the sliding mode variable structure controller, which effectively solves the problem that the single sliding mode variable structure algorithm is easy to generate buffeting. Finally, the hardware simulation circuit of distillation pressurizer is built. In the process of simulation, through the processing and calculation of the variable structure algorithm in the controller, the output control quantity is given to the stepper motor, and the valve opening change is simulated with the rotation of the stepping motor, so that the temperature of the tower top, that is, the display data of the LCD screen, is adjusted. According to the simulation results of the two simulation platforms, the variable structure control algorithm is applied to the temperature control process of methanol distillation column, which can meet the requirements of steady and dynamic characteristics and strong robustness in the production process. It has certain guiding significance for methanol distillation production process and has a very broad application prospect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ223.121;TP273

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陶炎;;三駕馬車?yán)瓌蛹状籍a(chǎn)能增長[J];中國石油石化;2015年02期

2 孫蔚;封磊;夏東盛;;基于RS232串行通信的設(shè)計[J];電子世界;2014年14期

3 施勇;溫陽東;;基于DM9000A的嵌入式以太網(wǎng)接口設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)[J];合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2011年04期

4 朱麗麗;王長友;;基于AVR單片機與溫度傳感器DS18B20的多點溫度測量[J];電工電氣;2010年12期

5 Vincent Onde;;基于Cortex-M3的STM32微控制器處理先進(jìn)電機控制方法[J];電子產(chǎn)品世界;2010年11期

6 段志成;赫文秀;;甲醇的生產(chǎn)工藝及其發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀[J];內(nèi)蒙古石油化工;2010年04期

7 ;新型垂直篩板塔甲醇三塔精餾工藝技術(shù)[J];化肥工業(yè);2009年03期

8 陳衛(wèi)軍;;DS18B20在糧食無線測溫系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用[J];河南工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2009年01期

9 劉鵬程;;基于ARM的溫度測量系統(tǒng)[J];科技信息(學(xué)術(shù)研究);2008年18期

10 李霞;秦建敏;張志棟;;數(shù)字溫度傳感器DS18B20在冰情測報系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用[J];太原理工大學(xué)學(xué)報;2008年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 董瑞;非線性時滯系統(tǒng)最優(yōu)滑�？刂频闹鸫伪平O(shè)計研究[D];中國海洋大學(xué);2008年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 臧楠;甲醇精餾工藝模擬計算與優(yōu)化及新工藝研究[D];西安石油大學(xué);2011年

2 吳振遠(yuǎn);分離鏡系統(tǒng)的滑模變結(jié)構(gòu)控制及抖振抑制[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué);2008年

，

本文編號：1793828