本文選題：感應(yīng)電機(jī) + 直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于感應(yīng)電機(jī)具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、價(jià)格低廉、環(huán)境適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)制造、軍事領(lǐng)域等各行各業(yè)都占據(jù)著非常重要的應(yīng)用地位,針對(duì)感應(yīng)電機(jī)的調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的研究得到廣泛關(guān)注。直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制作為一種新興的交流電機(jī)控制技術(shù),以其控制手段直接,響應(yīng)速度快等優(yōu)點(diǎn),與其它控制策略相比有明顯優(yōu)勢(shì)。本文選擇感應(yīng)電機(jī)為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)基于圓形磁鏈的直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行建模,并針對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)大的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析并提出改進(jìn)方案,從而對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。在傳統(tǒng)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制系統(tǒng)中,電壓矢量的選擇受滯環(huán)比較器寬度的影響,同時(shí)由于每個(gè)采樣周期矢量電壓只能從有限的幾個(gè)電壓中選擇,導(dǎo)致了開(kāi)關(guān)頻率不穩(wěn)定、選擇的電壓矢量不是最優(yōu)值等問(wèn)題。本文結(jié)合空間矢量脈寬調(diào)制技術(shù)對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行改進(jìn),把電動(dòng)機(jī)和逆變器看作一個(gè)整體,通過(guò)使電動(dòng)機(jī)的磁鏈幅值基本保持恒定,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)定子磁鏈平滑調(diào)節(jié),同時(shí)降低了轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)。針對(duì)SVPWM系統(tǒng)中作用時(shí)間溢出問(wèn)題提出補(bǔ)償措施,并通過(guò)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)確定補(bǔ)償系數(shù)k的取值。為了得到更加精確的電壓空間矢量以滿(mǎn)足轉(zhuǎn)矩磁鏈要求,本文結(jié)合無(wú)差拍控制思想重新設(shè)計(jì)磁鏈與轉(zhuǎn)矩控制器,通過(guò)對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)矩?zé)o差拍和磁鏈無(wú)差拍的要求進(jìn)行分析計(jì)算得出期望電壓矢量,將得到的期望電壓矢量作為SVPWM模塊的輸入,從而對(duì)電機(jī)進(jìn)行控制,使得在下一個(gè)采樣周期實(shí)際轉(zhuǎn)矩和磁鏈可以有效的跟蹤上給定轉(zhuǎn)矩和磁鏈,降低誤差帶來(lái)的波動(dòng)。同時(shí)通過(guò)分析定子壓降對(duì)期望電壓值的影響,提出了新的控制方案。通過(guò)分析誤差值,驗(yàn)證其有效性。在MATLAB/Simulink軟件環(huán)境中建立感應(yīng)電機(jī)直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制系統(tǒng)模型。將改進(jìn)方案在仿真模型中以建立新模塊的方式展現(xiàn)出來(lái),通過(guò)對(duì)改進(jìn)前后電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩,定子磁鏈等仿真結(jié)果的比較與分析,得出改進(jìn)后直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制系統(tǒng)的定子磁鏈軌跡控制較為平滑,對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)也有一定的抑制效果,驗(yàn)證了改進(jìn)方案的可行性。
[Abstract]:As induction motors have the advantages of simple structure, low price and strong environmental adaptability, they occupy a very important application position in various industries such as industrial and agricultural production, military field and so on.The research on the speed regulation system of induction motor has been paid more and more attention.As a new AC motor control technology, direct torque control (DTC) has obvious advantages over other control strategies because of its advantages of direct control and fast response.In this paper, the induction motor is selected as the research object, the direct torque control system based on circular flux chain is modeled, and the problem of large torque ripple is analyzed and an improved scheme is put forward to optimize the control system.In the traditional direct torque control system, the choice of voltage vector is affected by the width of hysteresis comparator, and because the vector voltage of each sampling period can only be selected from a limited number of voltages, the switching frequency is unstable.The selected voltage vector is not optimal and so on.In this paper, the space vector pulse width modulation technology is used to improve the control system. The motor and inverter are regarded as a whole. By keeping the flux amplitude of the motor basically constant, the stator flux is adjusted smoothly.At the same time, the torque ripple is reduced.To solve the problem of action time spillover in SVPWM system, the compensation measures are put forward, and the compensation coefficient k is determined by simulation experiment.In order to obtain more accurate voltage space vector to meet the demand of torque flux, this paper redesigns the flux and torque controller with the idea of deadbeat control.The expected voltage vector is obtained by analyzing and calculating the requirements of torque beat and flux linkage, and the expected voltage vector is used as the input of SVPWM module to control the motor.It can effectively track the given torque and flux in the next sampling period and reduce the fluctuation caused by the error.At the same time, by analyzing the influence of stator voltage drop on the expected voltage value, a new control scheme is proposed.The validity of the method is verified by analyzing the error value.The direct torque control system model of induction motor is established in MATLAB/Simulink software environment.The improved scheme is presented in the simulation model by establishing a new module. Through the comparison and analysis of the simulation results before and after the improvement, such as electromagnetic torque, stator flux linkage, etc.It is concluded that the stator flux locus control of the improved direct torque control system is smooth, and the torque ripple is restrained to a certain extent, which verifies the feasibility of the improved scheme.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP273;TM346

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