發(fā)布時間：2018-04-08 14:41

  本文選題：智慧家居　切入點：老人日常行為識別　出處：《杭州電子科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人口老齡化情況加劇、人力資源短缺,養(yǎng)老成為當前社會面臨的主要問題。家庭環(huán)境中自動識別老人日常行為,發(fā)現(xiàn)老人行為異常,提高老人獨立生活能力和家庭健康護理水平,是緩解養(yǎng)老困境的可行方法。本文以華盛頓州立大學智能空間實驗室的實驗數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),研究機器學習理論、數(shù)據(jù)處理技術(shù),結(jié)合智慧家居相關(guān)技術(shù),識別老人日常行為,了解老人的意圖,發(fā)現(xiàn)老人生活中的行為異常與環(huán)境異常。主要研究內(nèi)容如下所示:(1)設計傳感器事件動態(tài)分割與標注方法。根據(jù)活動執(zhí)行過程中所觸發(fā)傳感器之間的依賴關(guān)系,計算相鄰窗口的相似度,過濾行為邊界點,保留相似度最低的點,最后合并相鄰的且具有相同標簽的序列片段。(2)構(gòu)建以較高精度識別老人多種日常行為的模型。根據(jù)老人日常行為特點,構(gòu)建多維度特征框架,包括傳感器權(quán)重、傳感器類別特征、時間特征和頻率特征;使用遺傳算法和交叉驗證對行為模型進行訓練與調(diào)優(yōu),建立基于支持向量機的日常行為模型。(3)設計老人異常行為檢測框架。結(jié)合日常行為模型,選擇重要特征,建立老人各類行為的高斯混合模型,計算異常樣本與所屬成分的偏離程度,對比各類特征與正常樣本特征之間的差異。日常行為識別是實現(xiàn)老人生活輔助、提升老人獨立生活能力、提高健康護理水平的前提。設計多組實驗評估本文方法和模型的性能。實驗結(jié)果表明序列分割方法能夠?qū)鞲衅餍蛄羞M行合理分割,日常行為模型能準確的識別多種行為,異常檢測方法能夠高效地發(fā)現(xiàn)老人行為中的異常。研究結(jié)果對居家養(yǎng)老智慧化發(fā)展具有一定促進作用。
[Abstract]:With the aggravation of the aging population and the shortage of human resources, old-age support has become the main problem facing the society.It is a feasible method to identify the daily behavior of the elderly automatically in the family environment, find out the abnormal behavior of the elderly, improve the independent living ability of the elderly and the level of family health care, which is a feasible method to alleviate the plight of the aged.Based on the experimental data from the Intelligent Space Laboratory of Washington State University, this paper studies the theory of machine learning, data processing technology, combining with smart home related technology, to identify the daily behavior of the elderly and to understand the intention of the elderly.To find out the abnormal behavior and environment in the old people's life.The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) Design the sensor event dynamic segmentation and tagging method.According to the dependencies between sensors triggered during the execution of the activity, the similarity of adjacent windows is calculated, the behavior boundary points are filtered, and the points with the lowest similarity are retained.Finally, the adjacent sequence fragment with the same tag is merged to construct a model to identify various daily behaviors of the elderly with high accuracy.According to the characteristics of daily behavior of the elderly, a multi-dimensional feature framework is constructed, including sensor weight, sensor category feature, time feature and frequency feature, and the training and tuning of the behavior model using genetic algorithm and cross-validation.A support vector machine (SVM) based daily behavior model is established to design a framework for the detection of abnormal behaviors of the elderly.Combined with the daily behavior model, the Gao Si mixed model of all kinds of behaviors of the elderly was established, and the deviations between abnormal samples and their components were calculated, and the differences between different characteristics and normal sample characteristics were compared.Daily behavior recognition is the premise to realize the elderly's life assistance, improve the elderly's independent living ability and raise the level of health care.Several experiments were designed to evaluate the performance of the proposed method and model.The experimental results show that the sequence segmentation method can segment the sensor sequences reasonably, the daily behavior model can accurately identify a variety of behaviors, and the anomaly detection method can efficiently detect the anomalies in the behavior of the elderly.The results of the study have a certain role in promoting the development of home-based endowment intelligence.
【學位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU855;TP181

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本文編號：1722057