本文選題：制粉系統(tǒng)　切入點(diǎn)：球磨機(jī)　出處：《華北電力大學(xué)(北京)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：球磨機(jī),在我國(guó)的火力發(fā)電行業(yè),承擔(dān)著重要的磨煤任務(wù)。因?yàn)樵谖覈?guó),火力發(fā)電仍然占據(jù)著發(fā)電行業(yè)的主流,所以作為為火力發(fā)電廠(chǎng)提供優(yōu)質(zhì)煤粉,以使其能最大化最高效最經(jīng)濟(jì)的利用資源的球磨機(jī)系統(tǒng),其作用不容小覷。同時(shí),球磨機(jī)的應(yīng)用行業(yè)十分的廣泛,不僅僅是在火力發(fā)電行業(yè),在采礦行業(yè)、建筑行業(yè)、水泥行業(yè)等都發(fā)揮著重要的作用。球磨機(jī)投入工業(yè)生產(chǎn)已經(jīng)幾十年了,但是在對(duì)球磨機(jī)的控制問(wèn)題上,一直沒(méi)有很大的突破。因?yàn)榍蚰C(jī)系統(tǒng)自身的大遲滯性、非線(xiàn)性、強(qiáng)耦合性,使得在對(duì)其控制問(wèn)題上變得十分困難。隨著科技的進(jìn)步,球磨機(jī)的設(shè)備也越來(lái)的越大型化、復(fù)雜化,但是在近幾十年的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中,尤其是火力發(fā)電行業(yè),在我們國(guó)家很大一部分的火力發(fā)電廠(chǎng)中,球磨機(jī)的控制狀態(tài)仍在人工運(yùn)行操作階段。人工操作球磨機(jī),使得球磨機(jī)的磨粉質(zhì)量不佳,造成資源的浪費(fèi),不符合當(dāng)今時(shí)代提倡的能源節(jié)約。其次,人工直接操作如此龐大的機(jī)器設(shè)備,不可避免的會(huì)有安全事故出現(xiàn)。因此,在球磨機(jī)設(shè)備大型化的同時(shí),將人們從直接的操作中脫離出來(lái),同時(shí)能實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)安全穩(wěn)定的控制球磨機(jī)系統(tǒng),是我們一直追求的目標(biāo)。針對(duì)球磨機(jī)系統(tǒng)建立數(shù)學(xué)模型困難,許多現(xiàn)有的先進(jìn)方法開(kāi)始用于球磨機(jī)的控制問(wèn)題。但是因?yàn)樵S多方法都需要了解對(duì)象的精確模型,導(dǎo)致球磨機(jī)的控制問(wèn)題一直難以取得大的進(jìn)展。模糊控制技術(shù)的誕生,解決了不能獲得被控對(duì)象精確的特性、建模難的問(wèn)題。本文結(jié)合球磨機(jī)自身的特點(diǎn),對(duì)其各個(gè)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了分析。利用模糊控制和PID控制聯(lián)合控制的方法,即克服了球磨機(jī)建模難得問(wèn)題,同時(shí)最大程度的利用專(zhuān)家和操作人員多年積累的經(jīng)驗(yàn),將這些寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)入模糊控制器。聯(lián)合PID一起控制的主要目的就是,對(duì)于小的誤差處理使用PID,當(dāng)誤差大于預(yù)先設(shè)定的界限值時(shí),自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換使用模糊控制器。這種聯(lián)合控制克服了模糊控制器單一控制的疲勞工作,通過(guò)仿真分析也證明了,比單一模糊控制器和單一的PID控制效果更佳明顯,球磨機(jī)的運(yùn)行更加穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:Ball mills, in China's thermal power generation industry, undertake an important task of coal grinding. Because in our country, thermal power generation still occupies the mainstream of the power generation industry, so as to provide high quality pulverized coal for thermal power plants, The role of the ball mill system, which can maximize the most efficient and economical use of resources, is not to be underestimated. At the same time, the ball mill is used in a wide range of industries, not only in the thermal power industry, but also in the mining industry and the construction industry. The cement industry is playing an important role. The ball mill has been put into industrial production for decades, but there has been no great breakthrough in the control of the ball mill, because of the large hysteresis and nonlinearity of the ball mill system itself. With the progress of science and technology, the equipment of ball mill is becoming larger and more complicated, but in recent decades of industrial production, especially in the thermal power industry, In a large part of the coal-fired power plants in our country, the control state of the ball mill is still in the stage of manual operation. Manual operation of the ball mill makes the grinding quality of the ball mill poor, resulting in a waste of resources. It is not in line with the energy conservation advocated in the present age. Secondly, it is inevitable that there will be safety accidents when direct manual operation of such huge machinery and equipment occurs. Therefore, while the ball mill equipment is becoming larger, It is a goal we have been pursuing to separate people from direct operation and to realize economic, safe and stable control ball mill system. It is difficult to establish mathematical model for ball mill system. Many existing advanced methods have been applied to the control problems of ball mills. However, because many methods need to know the exact model of the object, it is difficult to make great progress in the control problems of ball mills. In this paper, the system of ball mill is analyzed, and the method of fuzzy control and PID control is used to control the system. That is to say, it overcomes the rare problem of ball mill modeling, and at the same time, makes the most of the experience accumulated by experts and operators over the years, and designs these valuable experiences into fuzzy controller. The main purpose of joint PID control is, For small error processing, PID is used. When the error is greater than the pre-set limit value, the fuzzy controller is used automatically. This joint control overcomes the fatigue work of the single control of the fuzzy controller, and it is also proved by simulation analysis. Compared with the single fuzzy controller and the single PID control, the operation of ball mill is more stable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP273.4;TM621

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