本文選題：溫室大棚　切入點(diǎn)：智能監(jiān)控　出處：《杭州電子科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著射頻通信技術(shù)與傳感器技術(shù)的發(fā)展,無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(WSN)在智慧農(nóng)業(yè)中的應(yīng)用成為當(dāng)下備受關(guān)注的熱門研究領(lǐng)域之一。溫室大棚是農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中重要的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,其發(fā)展?fàn)顩r直接體現(xiàn)著農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力水平。通過無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò),自動(dòng)監(jiān)測溫室大棚的環(huán)境參數(shù),以達(dá)到適合作物生長的最優(yōu)化設(shè)置,可以有效提升農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率和質(zhì)量。本文從實(shí)際應(yīng)用出發(fā),提出了應(yīng)用于溫室大棚智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)�，F(xiàn)有的無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)議棧,如WIFI、ZigBee、Bluetooth等,對(duì)微處理器和無線芯片有較高的性能要求,導(dǎo)致搭建無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的硬件成本高。本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種新型輕量級(jí)無線通信協(xié)議棧,使其可以運(yùn)行于低端處理器,同時(shí)降低對(duì)無線通信設(shè)備的要求,達(dá)到減少構(gòu)建無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)硬件成本的目的。本文設(shè)計(jì)了溫室大棚智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)總體架構(gòu)與采集器、中繼器、基站的具體實(shí)現(xiàn)方式。采集器通過SHT10、BH1750、MG811等傳感器采集空氣溫濕度、光照強(qiáng)度、CO_2濃度等環(huán)境參數(shù),以無線方式上傳到中繼器。中繼器主要起數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的作用,向上轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù),向下轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)控制命令。中繼器基于STM32平臺(tái),搭載FreeRTOS嵌入式實(shí)時(shí)操作系統(tǒng),具備多網(wǎng)卡功能,通過CC2510與采集器通信,2.4GHz無線通信具有更快的傳輸速率;通過SX1278與基站進(jìn)行通信,在433MHz頻段采用LoRa擴(kuò)頻技術(shù)使其擁有更遠(yuǎn)的傳輸距離�；緦�(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行解析存儲(chǔ)等工作,通過GPRS定時(shí)向遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器上傳數(shù)據(jù)。服務(wù)器的數(shù)據(jù)中心平臺(tái)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一管理,可查詢節(jié)點(diǎn)狀態(tài)或下發(fā)控制命令。本論文主要闡述嵌入式軟件設(shè)計(jì),包括輕量級(jí)無線通信協(xié)議棧設(shè)計(jì),以及采集器、中繼器、基站的程序流程設(shè)計(jì)。測試結(jié)果表明,自主設(shè)計(jì)的輕量級(jí)無線通信協(xié)議棧具有代碼量小、占用內(nèi)存少、硬件兼容性高、可移植性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn),有助于構(gòu)建低成本無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)。本文設(shè)計(jì)的溫室大棚智能監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)行之有效,軟硬件開發(fā)成本較低,實(shí)用性強(qiáng),在智慧農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域具有良好的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:With the development of radio frequency communication technology and sensor technology, the application of wireless sensor network (WSN) in intelligent agriculture has become one of the hot research fields. Greenhouse greenhouse is an important infrastructure in agricultural production. Its development directly reflects the level of agricultural productivity. Through wireless sensor networks, the environmental parameters of greenhouse are automatically monitored in order to achieve the optimal setting suitable for crop growth. This paper presents the design and implementation of wireless sensor network used in greenhouse intelligent monitoring system. The existing wireless network protocol stack, such as WiFi ZigBeeBluetooth, is used to improve the efficiency and quality of agricultural production. This paper designs a new lightweight wireless communication protocol stack, which can run on the low-end processor, because of the high performance requirement of microprocessor and wireless chip, which leads to the high hardware cost of building wireless sensor network. At the same time, the requirement of wireless communication equipment is reduced to reduce the hardware cost of building wireless sensor network. This paper designs the whole architecture, collector and repeater of intelligent monitoring system in greenhouse. The specific implementation mode of the base station. The collector collects the environmental parameters such as air temperature and humidity, illumination intensity and CO2 concentration through sensors such as SHT10H1750MG811, and uploads them to the repeater wirelessly. The repeater mainly plays the role of data forwarding and forwards the service data up. The repeater is based on STM32 platform, runs FreeRTOS embedded real-time operating system, has the function of multi-network card, communicates with the collector through CC2510 and has a faster transmission rate of 2.4GHz wireless communication, and communicates with the base station through SX1278. In the 433MHz band, LoRa spread spectrum technology is adopted to make it have longer transmission distance. The base station analyzes and stores the data, uploads the data to the remote server periodically through GPRS. The data center platform of the server manages the data uniformly. This paper mainly describes embedded software design, including lightweight wireless communication protocol stack design, as well as the collector, repeater, base station program flow design. The test results show that, The self-designed lightweight wireless communication protocol stack has the characteristics of small code, less memory, high hardware compatibility, strong portability, etc. The intelligent monitoring system designed in this paper is effective, the development cost of hardware and software is relatively low, the practicability is strong, and it has a good application prospect in the field of intelligent agriculture.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5;TP212.9;TP277

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