本文選題：電阻抗測(cè)量　切入點(diǎn)：氣液兩相流　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：氣液兩相流在自然界以及石油、化工、能源等工業(yè)領(lǐng)域廣泛存在,其參數(shù)測(cè)量具有重要的意義但同時(shí)也面臨極大的困難。基于氣液兩相流等效電導(dǎo)特性的兩相流參數(shù)測(cè)量方法以其結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,成本低,響應(yīng)快且安全性高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而備受關(guān)注。然而傳統(tǒng)的電導(dǎo)檢測(cè)多采用接觸式的測(cè)量方法,存在電極極化以及電化學(xué)腐蝕等問題。近年來提出的電容耦合式非接觸電導(dǎo)檢測(cè)技術(shù)(C4D)提供了 一種有效的解決途徑,但是,現(xiàn)有的C4D傳感器在氣液兩相流測(cè)量應(yīng)用中僅以獲得待測(cè)流體等效電導(dǎo)信息為目的,即僅獲得和利用流體電阻抗信息的實(shí)部或幅值,對(duì)于氣液兩相流而言,則測(cè)量信息的獲取和利用不完整。本文以獲取氣液兩相流電阻抗信息為目的,在C4D技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上,研發(fā)了一種新型的非接觸式電阻抗傳感器,并將其應(yīng)用于氣液兩相流流型辨識(shí)和相含率測(cè)量。本文主要內(nèi)容和貢獻(xiàn)如下:(1)提出了一種基于徑向兩電極傳感器的非接觸式流體電阻抗測(cè)量方法,用于獲取氣液兩相流截面電阻抗信息。該方法為消除耦合電容的影響,準(zhǔn)確獲取流體電阻抗信息,引入串聯(lián)電感,利用其產(chǎn)生的感抗來消除測(cè)量電路中耦合電容產(chǎn)生的容抗。同時(shí),利用相敏解調(diào)技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)待測(cè)流體電阻抗實(shí)部和虛部信息的測(cè)量,從而獲得完整的電阻抗信息。(2)對(duì)上述電阻抗測(cè)量方法中應(yīng)用的新型徑向兩電極結(jié)構(gòu)電阻抗傳感器幾何尺寸參數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明當(dāng)電極長(zhǎng)度為管道外徑1.5倍,電極張角為120°時(shí)傳感器靈敏度最優(yōu)。(3)基于所獲得的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)研制了新型非接觸電阻抗傳感器,并分別進(jìn)行了模擬阻抗測(cè)量實(shí)驗(yàn)和實(shí)際電導(dǎo)測(cè)量實(shí)驗(yàn)以驗(yàn)證其性能。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,模擬阻抗測(cè)量的實(shí)驗(yàn)以及不同濃度的KC1溶液下的電導(dǎo)測(cè)量實(shí)驗(yàn)相對(duì)誤差均不超過5%,所提出的非接觸電阻抗測(cè)量方法是有效的,研發(fā)的電阻抗傳感器是成功的。(4)將所研制的新型非接觸式電阻抗傳感器應(yīng)用于氣液兩相流流型辨識(shí),結(jié)合K-means聚類算法提出了氣液兩相流流型辨識(shí)的新方法。分別在三種不同內(nèi)徑(3.5 mm,5.5 mm和8.2 mm)的管道內(nèi)進(jìn)行了動(dòng)態(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn),實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明所提出的流型辨識(shí)方法是有效的,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果同時(shí)表明,對(duì)比單獨(dú)利用實(shí)部、虛部或幅值信息的辨識(shí)結(jié)果,利用完整電阻抗信息的辨識(shí)準(zhǔn)確度有明顯提高。由所獲得的電阻抗實(shí)部、虛部和幅值信號(hào)的均值、方差和傅立葉變換得到的頻率特征構(gòu)成特征向量,并利用K-means聚類算法實(shí)現(xiàn)四種典型流型(環(huán)狀流、泡狀流、段塞流、層狀流)的流型辨識(shí)準(zhǔn)確率分別高于88%、97%、90%、90%。(5)將所研制的新型非接觸式電阻抗傳感器初步應(yīng)用于氣液兩相流相含率的測(cè)量研究,并提出了一種氣液兩相流相含率測(cè)量新方法。該方法建立了不同流型下的相含率測(cè)量模型,根據(jù)流型辨識(shí)的結(jié)果,選擇相應(yīng)的相含率測(cè)量模型實(shí)現(xiàn)相含率的測(cè)量。在兩個(gè)不同管徑(5.5 mm和8.2 mm)下進(jìn)行了相含率測(cè)量實(shí)驗(yàn),實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,所提出的氣液兩相流相含率測(cè)量方法是有效的,測(cè)量的絕對(duì)誤差不超過7%,對(duì)比單獨(dú)利用實(shí)部、虛部或幅值信息測(cè)量誤差有所降低。綜上所述,本文所提出的非接觸式電阻抗測(cè)量方法是可行的,基于該方法研制的電阻抗測(cè)量傳感器可同時(shí)獲得兩相流體完整的電阻抗信息(包括實(shí)部,虛部和幅值),在氣液兩相流典型流型的流型辨識(shí)中取得了較好的效果并成功應(yīng)用于相含率的測(cè)量,為氣液兩相流參數(shù)測(cè)量提供了借鑒。
[Abstract]:The gas-liquid two-phase flow in nature, petroleum, chemical, energy and other industries widely exist, the parameter measurement has important significance but also faces great difficulties. The parameters of two-phase equivalent conductance characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow measurement method based on its simple structure, low cost, quick response and high security concern. However, the traditional conductivity detection using contact measurement method, existence of electrode polarization and electrochemical corrosion problems. Contactless conductivity detection technology capacitive proposed in recent years (C4D) provides a way to solve effectively, however, the existing C4D sensors in the measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow in the application only to get to the measured fluid equivalent conductance information for the purpose, is the only access to and use of fluid resistance information of the real or the amplitude for gas-liquid two-phase flow, obtaining measurement information and the use of Complete. This paper for gas-liquid two-phase flow electrical impedance information for the purpose, based on the C4D technology, developed a new anti non-contact resistance sensor and its application in gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern identification and phase holdup measurement. The main contents and contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) a resistance measurement non contact type fluid resistance two radial electrode sensor is presented based on the gas-liquid two-phase flow is used to obtain the impedance information section. The method to eliminate the influence of the coupling capacitor, to obtain accurate fluid resistance information, the introduction of the series inductance capacitance coupled to eliminate the capacitance in the measurement circuit using the inductance. At the same time, the use of phase sensitive demodulation technique to measure the fluid resistance of the real and imaginary parts of information, so as to obtain complete impedance information. (2) a new radial measurement method in the application of anti resistance two electrode structure The impedance sensor geometry parameters are optimized. The simulation and experimental results show that when the electrode length is 1.5 times the pipe diameter, electrode angle is 120 degrees. The optimal sensitivity of the sensor (3) to optimize the design parameters obtained by the development of a new non contact resistance based on the sensor, and carries out the simulation experiment and impedance measurement the actual conductance measurement experiment to verify its performance. The experimental results show that the conductance measurement experiment simulation of impedance measurement and different concentration of KC1 solution and the relative error was less than 5%, the proposed anti non contact resistance measurement method is effective, development of resistance sensor is successful. (4) a new non contact the research of anti resistance type sensor used in the gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern identification, combined with the K-means clustering algorithm and put forward a new method to identify the flow pattern of gas-liquid two-phase flow in three different. The diameter (3.5 mm, 5.5 mm and 8.2 mm) in pipeline of dynamic experiments, the experimental results show that the proposed method of flow pattern identification is effective. The results also show that compared to separate by the real part, the imaginary part of the identification results or amplitude information, identification information by using the complete anti resistance accuracy is obviously improved by the resistance obtained against the real part, the imaginary part of the signal amplitude and mean frequency, feature variance and Fu Liye transform to form feature vectors, and using K-means clustering algorithm to achieve the four typical flow patterns (annular flow, bubble flow, slug flow, stratified flow) flow regime identification accuracy rate was higher than 88%. 97%, 90%, 90%. (5) measurement of new non contact resistance will be developed by the anti sensor applied in gas-liquid two-phase flow phase holdup, and proposed a gas-liquid two-phase flow phase holdup measurement method. The method is established under different flow patterns Phase holdup measurement model based on the flow pattern identification results, select the phase holdup measurement model for phase holdup measurement accordingly. In two different diameters (5.5 mm and 8.2 mm) for phase holdup measurement experiments, the experimental results show that the proposed two-phase flow phase holdup measurement method to be effective, absolute error of measurement is less than 7%, compared to separate by the real part, the imaginary part of the amplitude information or measurement error is reduced. In summary, non contact resistance the resistance measurement method is feasible, the method developed anti resistance measurement sensor can simultaneously obtain the complete anti phase fluid resistance based on the information (including the real part, the imaginary part and amplitude), flow pattern identification in typical flow regimes of gas-liquid two-phase flow has good effect and is successfully applied to the measurement of phase content, provide a reference for the gas-liquid two-phase flow parameter measurement.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP212

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 姚海元,宮敬,宋磊;多相流相分率的模型預(yù)測(cè)與檢測(cè)方法[J];油氣儲(chǔ)運(yùn);2004年07期

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本文編號(hào)：1651065