發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-04 11:40

  本文選題：生豬養(yǎng)殖　切入點(diǎn)：環(huán)境監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)　出處：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)自古以來(lái)都是生豬養(yǎng)殖大國(guó),生豬的養(yǎng)殖在我國(guó)有著悠久的歷史。在現(xiàn)階段,生豬養(yǎng)殖的模式逐漸由小型化養(yǎng)殖向規(guī)模化養(yǎng)殖發(fā)展,傳統(tǒng)的人工養(yǎng)殖技術(shù)已經(jīng)不能應(yīng)對(duì)規(guī)�；B(yǎng)殖的需求。為了改變傳統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)殖理念和養(yǎng)殖技術(shù),本文通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)技術(shù)的研究,設(shè)計(jì)了一種養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)環(huán)境監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)采用了WSN技術(shù)和嵌入式技術(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)中溫濕度、H_2S、CO_2及采光強(qiáng)度等環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)的功能,同時(shí),通過(guò)自動(dòng)控制環(huán)境設(shè)備的運(yùn)行來(lái)維持環(huán)境的穩(wěn)定,讓養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)環(huán)境更加適于生豬的生長(zhǎng)。由于養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)環(huán)境比較復(fù)雜,布線不便,本文使用基于Zigbee技術(shù)的無(wú)線傳感器搭建了一種養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò),采用了網(wǎng)狀拓?fù)浞绞竭M(jìn)行組網(wǎng),傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的節(jié)點(diǎn)負(fù)責(zé)采集現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)以及連接豬舍中的設(shè)備。選用了ARM嵌入式開發(fā)板mini6410作為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)控制器,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)控制器通過(guò)無(wú)線連接接入Internet,在控制器中安裝了嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)用于監(jiān)控軟件的開發(fā),并構(gòu)造了嵌入式開發(fā)環(huán)境,安裝了嵌入式數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)用以記錄養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)環(huán)境歷史信息,安裝了WEB服務(wù)器用以實(shí)現(xiàn)6410開發(fā)板與瀏覽器之間的信息交互。設(shè)計(jì)了公共網(wǎng)關(guān)接口程序,管理員可以實(shí)時(shí)的控制豬舍設(shè)備。加載了視頻設(shè)備驅(qū)動(dòng)并安裝了視頻服務(wù)器,可以為管理員提供視頻監(jiān)控的功能。無(wú)線傳感節(jié)點(diǎn)一般使用干電池供電且難以及時(shí)更換,能量有限是該項(xiàng)技術(shù)面臨的一大瓶頸。針對(duì)豬舍環(huán)境傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的實(shí)際需求,本文提出了一種基于復(fù)合距離與備用簇頭的路由算法。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)分簇階段加入了節(jié)點(diǎn)的距離和剩余能量影響因子,在成簇階段使用了復(fù)合距離因子,普通節(jié)點(diǎn)選擇最適合的簇頭加入,使網(wǎng)絡(luò)的負(fù)載更加均衡。之后在簇內(nèi)通信階段提出了使用備用簇頭的方式,有效避免了因簇頭節(jié)點(diǎn)死亡造成的簇內(nèi)鏈接的斷路,在簇間通信階段,簇頭根據(jù)與協(xié)調(diào)器的距離使用了不同的通信模式。仿真結(jié)果表明,新的算法有利于節(jié)省網(wǎng)絡(luò)的能量,延長(zhǎng)本文系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行壽命。系統(tǒng)實(shí)際場(chǎng)地測(cè)試結(jié)果顯示,該系統(tǒng)達(dá)到了預(yù)期的效果,滿足了對(duì)養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)環(huán)境實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控的要求,使豬舍內(nèi)的環(huán)境維持在一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的狀態(tài)。本系統(tǒng)降低了生豬大規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖難度與人工成本,提高了豬肉產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)效率與產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量,為我國(guó)畜牧養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的智能化發(fā)展提供了一種新的思路。
[Abstract]:Since ancient times, our country has been a big country in pig breeding, and the breeding of live pigs has a long history in our country. At this stage, the mode of pig breeding is gradually developing from miniaturization to large-scale breeding. The traditional artificial culture technology can not meet the demand of large-scale aquaculture. In order to change the traditional culture concept and culture technology, this paper studies the related technologies at home and abroad. An environment monitoring system for pig farm is designed. The system adopts WSN technology and embedded technology to realize the real-time monitoring function of temperature and humidity and daylighting intensity and other environmental data in pig farm. By automatically controlling the operation of the environmental equipment to maintain the stability of the environment, make the environment of the pig farm more suitable for the growth of live pigs. In this paper, the wireless sensor based on Zigbee technology is used to build a kind of wireless sensor network in pig farm. The node in the sensor network is responsible for collecting the field environment data and connecting the equipment in the pig house. The ARM embedded development board mini6410 is chosen as the field controller. The field controller connects Internet through wireless connection, installs the embedded operating system in the controller for the development of the monitoring software, constructs the embedded development environment, installs the embedded database to record the history information of the pig farm environment. The WEB server is installed to realize the information exchange between the 6410 development board and the browser. The common gateway interface program is designed, the administrator can control the pig house equipment in real time, the video device driver is loaded and the video server is installed. Wireless sensor nodes are generally powered by dry batteries and difficult to replace in time. Limited energy is a major bottleneck facing the technology. In this paper, a routing algorithm based on composite distance and standby cluster head is proposed. The influence factors of node distance and residual energy are added in the network clustering phase, and the composite distance factor is used in the clustering phase. Ordinary nodes choose the most suitable cluster head to add, so that the load of the network is more balanced. Then, in the intra-cluster communication stage, the method of using backup cluster head is proposed, which effectively avoids the breakage of the intra-cluster link caused by the death of cluster head node. In the phase of inter-cluster communication, the cluster head uses different communication modes according to the distance between the cluster head and the coordinator. The simulation results show that the new algorithm can save the energy of the network and prolong the running life of the system. The system achieves the desired effect, meets the requirement of real-time monitoring of the environment of the pig farm, and keeps the environment of the pig house in a stable state. The system reduces the difficulty of large-scale raising of live pigs and the cost of labor. It improves the production efficiency and product quality of pork products and provides a new way of thinking for the intelligent development of animal husbandry in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP277

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