本文關鍵詞： MACS 空分設備 控制程序 人機交互　出處：《華北水利水電大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：空分設備在我國的經濟發(fā)展過程中發(fā)揮著重要作用,空分設備的產品如:氧氣、氮氣、氬氣等在生產和生活各個方面應用廣泛[3]。氮氣作為化工生產的主要原料,其使用量巨大。各種常用化肥中的氮含量都很高,硝酸銨氮含量36%,硫酸銨氮含量21%,尿素氮含量46.7%。除此外,氮氣在化肥廠開工生產前或者在生產設備大修后,還被用來置換管道和容器內的空氣和其他雜質氣體,確保生產的安全。氧氣用于重油的高溫裂化、煤粉的氣化等工序,以強化工藝過程,提高化肥產量[17]。一般,一套10萬噸的合成氨裝置需配到10000m3/h的制氧機。除了在化肥生產中的應用,氧氣在石油化工和工業(yè)生產方面也有著巨大的作用,在石油和化工過程中的氧氣反應采用富氧代替空氣進行氧化反應,可以提高反應速度和產品質量[23]。處理生產過程中產生的污水,用來給活性炭富氧曝光也可以向污水池增氧,提高細菌活性等。隨著河南某化工公司的產量提升,其對氧氣,氮氣的需求量也在不斷增加,相應的對空分設備也提出了安全生產、經濟運營、智能控制的要求。對于空分設備控制系統(tǒng)來說,則要求同時保證生產的安全性、連續(xù)性、和智能化。要滿足這樣的設計要求,需要采用安全可靠的工控系統(tǒng)和優(yōu)秀的控制方案。本課題采用和利時DCS控制系統(tǒng)MACS,中央集中監(jiān)控,控制站點分散控制的方式。設計介紹此公司新增設一臺20000m3/h空分機組,設計基于和利時DCS的空分設備常規(guī)控制系統(tǒng)。主要包括以下特點:1、根據(jù)空分生產工藝特點和控制系統(tǒng)要求,介紹河南某公司新上的空分設備控制系統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)結構和硬件配置。2、設計系統(tǒng)允許生產與停止的連鎖控制邏輯。3、文章對控制算法組態(tài),設備組態(tài),數(shù)據(jù)庫組態(tài),監(jiān)控畫面組態(tài),歷史庫數(shù)據(jù)采樣與歸檔技術,各閥門操作控制進行設計論述。采用已有的標準模板,充分利用MACS系統(tǒng)提供的功能,實現(xiàn)很好的人機交互。在論文的設計中,對壓縮機的防喘振控制技術進行一定的研究和應用。通過本系統(tǒng)的設計與應用,較好的滿足空分設備生產的需要。
[Abstract]:Air separation equipment plays an important role in the economic development of our country. The products of air separation equipment such as oxygen, nitrogen, argon and so on are widely used in production and life. The amount of nitrogen used is huge. The nitrogen content in various common fertilizers is very high, the ammonium nitrate nitrogen content is 36, the ammonium sulfate nitrogen content is 21, and the urea nitrogen content is 46.7. in addition, nitrogen gas is produced before the fertilizer plant starts production or after the production equipment is overhauled. It is also used to replace air and other impurity gases in pipes and containers to ensure the safety of production. Oxygen is used in high-temperature cracking of heavy oil, gasification of pulverized coal, etc., in order to enhance the process and increase the yield of fertilizer [17]. A 100,000 ton ammonia plant needs a 10000m3 / h oxygen generator. In addition to its application in chemical fertilizer production, oxygen also plays a huge role in petrochemical and industrial production. In the process of petroleum and chemical industry, oxygen enrichment is used instead of air for oxidation reaction, which can improve the reaction speed and product quality [23]. With the increase in the production of a chemical company in Henan Province, the demand for oxygen and nitrogen is also increasing. The corresponding air separation equipment has also put forward safe production and economic operation. Requirements for intelligent control. For air separation equipment control systems, it is necessary to ensure the safety, continuity, and intelligence of production at the same time. It is necessary to adopt safe and reliable industrial control system and excellent control scheme. In this paper, we adopt DCS control system, central centralized monitoring, decentralized control mode of control station. We design and introduce a new 20000m3 / h air separation unit in this company. The conventional control system of air separation equipment based on Hutchison DCS is designed. It mainly includes the following features: 1, according to the characteristics of air separation production process and control system requirements, This paper introduces the system structure and hardware configuration of the new air separation equipment control system of a certain company in Henan Province, and designs the chain control logic .3which allows production and stop. The paper introduces the configuration of control algorithm, equipment configuration, database configuration, monitoring picture configuration. The history database data sampling and archiving technology, each valve operation control carries on the design elaboration. Uses the existing standard template, fully utilizes the function which the MACS system provides, realizes the very good man-machine interaction. The anti-surge control technology of compressor is studied and applied to a certain extent. Through the design and application of this system, it can better meet the needs of air separation equipment production.
【學位授予單位】：華北水利水電大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TQ116.1;TP273

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