本文關(guān)鍵詞： 水田復(fù)式整地機 自動調(diào)平 控制系統(tǒng) 單片機 AMEsim　出處：《黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著黑龍江省種植結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整,水田種植面積不斷擴大,對水田整地機具的數(shù)量要求不斷增加,對平地精度的要求也越來越高。目前黑龍江省的水田整地機具依然處于傳統(tǒng)的攪漿機、旋耕機,耙等,沒有自動調(diào)平控制系統(tǒng),作業(yè)單純依靠駕駛員經(jīng)驗,自動化程度低,控制精度低,駕駛員工作強度大。拖拉機在農(nóng)田作業(yè)時,由于農(nóng)田的坑洼或斜坡,造成農(nóng)田拖拉機的傾斜行走,整地機與拖拉機采用牽引式或懸掛式進行銜接,因此整地機在進行作業(yè)時,也會隨著拖拉機的傾斜而傾斜,最終導(dǎo)致作業(yè)效果很不理想。目前拖拉機懸掛架還處于手動的機械調(diào)平階段,手動機械調(diào)平費時費力,并且不能做到實時調(diào)平,與我國農(nóng)業(yè)機械向著自動化、智能化的方向發(fā)展相違背。因此對水田整地機具的調(diào)平系統(tǒng)研究對實現(xiàn)土地平整,提高耕整地質(zhì)量,促進農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義,在水田耕整地作業(yè)中應(yīng)用前景廣闊。主要結(jié)合ZD-5.0型水田復(fù)式整地機的結(jié)構(gòu)特點和自動調(diào)平控制系統(tǒng)的工作原理,設(shè)計液壓系統(tǒng),并對液壓原件進行選型;根據(jù)液壓系統(tǒng)的控制要求,選用STC12C5A60S2型單片機為控制系統(tǒng)的運算核心,運用KeiluVision軟件編寫單片機程序,并設(shè)計控制器的信號采集電路、放大電路;利用Vb6.0編寫水田復(fù)式整地機實時顯示軟件。利用AMEsim軟件對自動調(diào)平控制系統(tǒng)進行建模,通過仿真分析得:自動調(diào)平控制系統(tǒng)有兩個工作壓力,無桿腔進油壓力為50bar,有桿腔進油壓力為70bar;安全閥卸荷壓力為200bar;活塞桿全程運動時間為11s。通過實驗室臺架試驗得:自動調(diào)平控制系統(tǒng)控制精度為0.3°。通過田間作業(yè)試驗得:試驗地塊采集數(shù)據(jù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差值mmSd(28)58.12。通過AMEsim軟件對自動調(diào)平控制系統(tǒng)建模仿真,在理論上驗證自動調(diào)平控制系統(tǒng)的可行性,保證自動調(diào)平控制試驗樣機的安全性、穩(wěn)定性;通過臺架試驗和田間作業(yè)試驗驗證設(shè)計的水田復(fù)式整地機自動調(diào)平控制系統(tǒng),成本低、工作精度高、自動化程度高、人機交互性強、工作性能穩(wěn)定、工作效率高,大大降低生產(chǎn)成本和勞動強度。
[Abstract]:With the adjustment of planting structure in Heilongjiang Province, the planting area of paddy field is expanding constantly, and the quantity of paddy land preparation machine is increasing. At present, the paddy land preparation machines and tools in Heilongjiang Province are still in the traditional slurry mixer, rotary tiller, rake, etc. There is no automatic leveling control system, the operation simply depends on the experience of the driver, and the degree of automation is low. When the tractor is working in farmland, because of the pit or slope of the farmland, the farmland tractor is inclined to walk, and the land preparation machine and the tractor adopt the traction or suspension type to link up. Therefore, when the land preparation machine is in operation, it will also tilt along with the tilting of the tractor, which ultimately results in a very unsatisfactory operation effect. At present, the tractor hanger is still in the manual mechanical leveling stage, and manual mechanical leveling takes time and effort. And it can not be leveled in real time, which is contrary to the automatic and intelligent development of agricultural machinery in our country. Therefore, the research on leveling system of paddy land preparation machine can achieve land leveling and improve the quality of cultivated land. It is of great practical significance to promote the development of agriculture and has a broad application prospect in paddy field ploughing. The hydraulic system is designed according to the structural characteristics of ZD-5.0 type paddy field compound land preparation machine and the working principle of automatic leveling control system. According to the control requirements of hydraulic system, STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is selected as the operation core of the control system, and the MCU program is compiled by using KeiluVision software, and the signal acquisition circuit and amplifying circuit of the controller are designed. The real-time display software of paddy field compound land preparation machine is compiled by Vb6.0. The automatic leveling control system is modeled by AMEsim software. The simulation results show that the automatic leveling control system has two working pressures. The feeding pressure of the rod less cavity is 50 bar. the inlet pressure of the rod cavity is 70 bar. the unloading pressure of the safety valve is 200 bar. the whole movement time of the piston rod is 11 s. The control precision of the automatic leveling control system is 0.3 擄through the laboratory bench test. The results are as follows: the standard deviation of the data collected from the test plot is mmSdn2858.12.The automatic leveling control system is modeled and simulated by AMEsim software. The feasibility of the automatic leveling control system is verified theoretically to ensure the safety and stability of the automatic leveling control test prototype, and the designed automatic leveling control system of the paddy field compound land preparation machine is verified by the bench test and the field operation test. Low cost, high working precision, high degree of automation, strong human-computer interaction, stable working performance, high work efficiency, greatly reduce production cost and labor intensity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S222.5;TP273

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