本文關(guān)鍵詞： 激光加工 雙波長 FPGA 單片機 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)　出處：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：激光廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)加工領(lǐng)域,目前市場上主流的激光加工設(shè)備在加工、管理方面存有以下不足。1.激光器配置單一、輸出波長范圍有限,針對不同應(yīng)用無法滿足要求。2.重視激光功率,忽略激光Q脈沖寬度、光束模式等其它激光參數(shù),激光參數(shù)未能全部可控,難以完成高質(zhì)量的激光工藝加工。3.本課題組曾針對內(nèi)燃機缸套內(nèi)表面采用的“單脈沖同點間隔多次”激光微織構(gòu)工藝加工系統(tǒng)受限加工低主軸轉(zhuǎn)速、小孔徑發(fā)動機缸套。4.本實驗室原來研制的設(shè)備,必須配有位置傳感器才能實現(xiàn)平面同點間隔多次激光工藝,效率低且受限短脈沖激光加工方式。5.功能單一,不能同時滿足二維平面、三維立體和特殊曲面加工。6.未配數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng),加工數(shù)據(jù)未能有效管理,且加工過程中必須現(xiàn)場值守,無法實現(xiàn)遠程加工、監(jiān)控、管理。7.只能實現(xiàn)等比例像素圖像打標(biāo),無法實現(xiàn)任意比例像素圖像打標(biāo)。針對目前主流激光系統(tǒng)所存問題,以及考慮到“工業(yè)4.0”大數(shù)據(jù)環(huán)境下激光系統(tǒng)智能化升級的必然趨勢,本文完成了基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的多功能激光加工系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)。并結(jié)合具體加工需求,以ARM STM32單片機和FPGA作為控制中心,C++語言設(shè)計軟件,完成如下具有獨立功能的控制系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用模塊:1.以內(nèi)燃機缸套內(nèi)表面作為應(yīng)用加工研究對象,升級基于Mega128型號單片機串行工作時序的激光微加工控制系統(tǒng)。選用532nm激光光源,設(shè)計基于FPGA并行工作時序的激光加工控制子系統(tǒng),同時配有手持觸摸屏無線通信控制終端。2.提出“返程誤差抵消法”新思路,完成平面單脈沖同點間隔多次加工子系統(tǒng),雙波長激光實現(xiàn)激光點陣列、網(wǎng)紋和凹槽形貌的微加工。3.解析CAD文件,生成相應(yīng)的控制指令集,控制雙波長激光器和運動平臺協(xié)同工作。激光可自動對焦,完成中心旋轉(zhuǎn)曲面激光加工。4.設(shè)計基于ODBC數(shù)據(jù)源的激光加工數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng),SIM900模塊的短信遠程控制終端,W5500TCP/IP協(xié)議棧的DRM遠程管理系統(tǒng)。5.設(shè)計單片機WEB服務(wù)器,瀏覽器終端遠程訪問與控制激光加工系統(tǒng)。6.選用型號為HD-GY500攝像頭,實現(xiàn)指示光自動對焦,設(shè)計雙光路自動切換和自動對焦子系統(tǒng)。7.基于Opencv2.4圖像庫,采用“四格掃描法”,將像素圖像矢量轉(zhuǎn)換、插補運算,實現(xiàn)像素圖像任意比例的激光加工。本文分別對各子系統(tǒng)進行了性能測試,試驗結(jié)果表明:所有子系統(tǒng)工作完全達到預(yù)期效果,且加工過程穩(wěn)定可靠。本文提出的基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的多功能激光加工控制系統(tǒng),針對作為加工光源的多臺激光器,設(shè)計多光路自動切換系統(tǒng)。滿足了面對不同加工對象、同一加工對象不同位置選擇不同加工方式的多種靈活加工需求。同時,系統(tǒng)配有數(shù)據(jù)庫管理系統(tǒng),能夠?qū)庸ぴO(shè)備、設(shè)備操作人員實施便捷管理,是一臺真正意義上的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)多功能激光加工平臺。
[Abstract]:Laser widely used in the field of industrial processing, the current mainstream laser processing equipment in the market processing, the management of the following shortcomings. 1. Laser configuration single, the output wavelength range is limited. Focusing on laser power, ignoring laser Q-pulse width, beam mode and other laser parameters, the laser parameters can not be completely controlled. 2. It is difficult to finish the high quality laser processing. 3. Our team has used the "single pulse multiple times at intervals" laser microtexture processing system to process low spindle speed for the internal surface of cylinder liner of internal combustion engine. The equipment originally developed in our laboratory must be equipped with a position sensor in order to realize the laser technology of the same plane at the same time. Low efficiency and limited short pulse laser machining method .5.The single function, can not meet the two-dimensional plane, three-dimensional three-dimensional and special surface machining .6.Unequipped with database system, processing data can not be effectively managed. And the processing process must be on the spot, can not achieve remote processing, monitoring, management. 7. can only achieve equal scale pixel image marking. It is impossible to realize arbitrary scale pixel image marking. Aiming at the problems existing in the current mainstream laser system, and considering the inevitable trend of intelligent upgrading of laser system under the environment of "industry 4.0" big data. In this paper, the design and implementation of a multifunctional laser machining system based on the Internet of things is completed, and the ARM STM32 single chip computer and FPGA are taken as the control center in combination with the specific processing requirements. C language design software, complete the following independent function of the control system application module: 1. Take the internal surface of the cylinder liner of internal combustion engine as the research object of application and processing. The laser micromachining control system based on serial working sequence of Mega128 single chip microcomputer was upgraded. The laser machining control subsystem based on FPGA parallel working sequence was designed by using 532nm laser light source. At the same time, with a hand-held touch screen wireless communication control terminal .2.A new idea of "return error cancellation method" is proposed to complete the plane single pulse multiple processing subsystem at the same point interval, and the dual-wavelength laser to realize the laser dot array. Micromachining of mesh and grooves .3.Parse CAD file, generate corresponding control instruction set, control dual-wavelength laser and motion platform to work together. Laser can focus automatically. Finish the laser machining of center rotating curved surface. 4. Design the short message remote control terminal of SIM900 module based on ODBC data source. W5500 TCP / IP protocol stack of DRM remote management system. 5. Design of WEB server. Browser terminal remote access and control laser processing system. 6. Select the model of HD-GY500 camera to realize the automatic focusing of indicator light. Based on the Opencv2.4 image library, the pixel image vector is transformed and interpolated by "four-cell scanning method". In this paper, the performance of each subsystem is tested, and the experimental results show that all subsystems work completely to achieve the desired results. The multifunctional laser machining control system based on the Internet of things is proposed in this paper. Design multi-optical path automatic switching system to meet the different processing objects, the same processing object in different locations to choose different processing methods of a variety of flexible processing requirements. At the same time, the system is equipped with a database management system. It is a real multifunctional laser processing platform for the Internet of things.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN249;TP273

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