本文關鍵詞： 圖像融合 遙感 方向性信息測度 IHS變換 YIQ變換 PCA變換 金字塔結構 多分辨率分析 小波變換 區(qū)域特征 區(qū)域邊界強度 自適應融合 容錯 評價準則　出處：《西北工業(yè)大學》2004年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 作為圖像融合領域的一個重要分支，，多源遙感圖像融合研究的是如何綜合利用不同航空遙感傳感器所獲取的圖像信息，來產(chǎn)生新的數(shù)據(jù)，以獲取對同一事物或目標的更為全面、客觀及本質上的認識。在高度信息化的今天，遙感圖像融合已經(jīng)成為圖像處理和圖像信息理解領域中不可或缺的技術，并在很多軍事和民用方面有著重要應用。 本文應用圖像處理和現(xiàn)代信號處理技術中的多種手段，研究了不同層次上多源遙感圖像的融合方法。通過對不同航空遙感傳感器所獲取的圖像數(shù)據(jù)進行融合，從而提高圖像的分辨率、圖像分析結果的準確性和置信度，并最終提高對特定航空目標進行自動檢測、識別的有效性。 本文的主要研究內容和工作可總結如下： 1．介紹了圖像融合的基本概念和原理，進而系統(tǒng)分析了多種傳統(tǒng)的圖像融合方法，并通過實驗對其特點和性能做了細致的對比，總結出了一系列有用的結論； 2．在特征級融合方面，提出了一種基于方向性信息測度和IHS變換的圖像融合算法。實驗表明該算法產(chǎn)生的光譜畸變很小，并且有良好的抗噪性，非常適合處理多光譜圖像的融合； 3．在多分辨率圖像融合算法中，提出了基于小波變換的自適應圖像融合算法(DWT_EI)。與傳統(tǒng)算法比較，該算法在提高圖像信息含量方面表現(xiàn)得最好。同時它的運算也相對簡單，并且和原始圖像的相關性也很好(即光譜畸變小)，是一種非常好的融合算法； 4．歸納并給出了基于信息量的評價、基于統(tǒng)計特性的評價、基于相關性的評價和基于梯度值的評價四類十項融合結果評價指標。這些指標被用于對融合實驗結果的實際評價中，使得對算法的評價從定性到定量兩方面都有了一定的評價標準； 5．不僅從實際應用角度驗證了圖像融合技術能夠增加圖像信息含量、提高圖像分割、分類和識別的有效性這一結論，而且從理論角度出發(fā)，進一步探討了圖像融合中的識別與決策問題。同時對圖像融合中的可靠性與容錯性問題也進行了簡要分析； 6．除多源遙感影像作為實驗數(shù)據(jù)以外，本文還選用了一組多聚焦可見光圖片來驗證和評價各種算法的融合效果，從而使得各種算法的有效性及優(yōu)劣性更加直觀。
[Abstract]:As an important branch in the field of image fusion, multi-source remote sensing image fusion studies how to synthetically utilize the image information obtained by different aerial remote sensing sensors to generate new data. In order to obtain a more comprehensive, objective and essential understanding of the same thing or object, remote sensing image fusion has become an indispensable technology in the field of image processing and image information understanding. And in many military and civilian areas have important applications. In this paper, image processing and modern signal processing technology are used in a variety of means. The fusion methods of multi-source remote sensing images at different levels are studied. The image resolution is improved by fusion of image data obtained by different aerial remote sensing sensors. The accuracy and confidence of image analysis results, and finally improve the effectiveness of automatic detection and recognition of specific aeronautical targets. The main contents and work of this paper can be summarized as follows: 1. The basic concepts and principles of image fusion are introduced, and then various traditional image fusion methods are systematically analyzed, and the characteristics and performance of these methods are compared in detail through experiments. A series of useful conclusions are summarized. 2. In the aspect of feature level fusion, an image fusion algorithm based on directional information measure and IHS transform is proposed. The experimental results show that the spectral distortion is very small and the algorithm has good noise resistance. It is very suitable for multispectral image fusion. 3. In the multi-resolution image fusion algorithm, an adaptive image fusion algorithm based on wavelet transform is proposed, which is compared with the traditional algorithm. The algorithm has the best performance in improving the information content of the image. At the same time, its operation is relatively simple, and the correlation with the original image is very good (that is, the spectral distortion is small, it is a very good fusion algorithm; 4. The evaluation based on information quantity and statistical characteristic is summarized and given. Evaluation based on correlation and evaluation based on gradient value. These indicators are used in the actual evaluation of fusion experiment results. Make the evaluation of the algorithm from qualitative and quantitative aspects have a certain evaluation criteria; 5. The conclusion that image fusion technology can increase the content of image information, improve the validity of image segmentation, classification and recognition is verified from the practical application. The problem of recognition and decision in image fusion is discussed, and the problems of reliability and fault tolerance in image fusion are also analyzed briefly. 6. In addition to multi-source remote sensing images as experimental data, this paper also selected a group of multi-focused visible light images to verify and evaluate the fusion effect of various algorithms. In order to make the effectiveness of various algorithms and advantages and disadvantages more intuitive.
【學位授予單位】：西北工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2004
【分類號】：TP751

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