本文關(guān)鍵詞： VRV空調(diào) 房間溫度 過(guò)熱度 離散最優(yōu)控制 離散魯棒控制　出處：《沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),VRV空調(diào)系統(tǒng)因設(shè)備數(shù)量少、安裝布置靈活、運(yùn)行節(jié)能高效、維護(hù)簡(jiǎn)單方便、冷量分配靈活等優(yōu)點(diǎn),被廣泛應(yīng)用于辦公樓、賓館、商場(chǎng)和別墅等中小型建筑中。VRV空調(diào)系統(tǒng)是由一臺(tái)變頻壓縮機(jī)、一個(gè)冷凝器、多個(gè)室內(nèi)蒸發(fā)器和多個(gè)電子膨脹閥構(gòu)成的一個(gè)多變量、強(qiáng)耦合、非線性的系統(tǒng),對(duì)變頻壓縮機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速和電子膨脹閥開(kāi)度的協(xié)調(diào)控制是保證系統(tǒng)安全高效運(yùn)行的關(guān)鍵。針對(duì)VRV空調(diào)系統(tǒng)中房間溫度和過(guò)熱度的調(diào)節(jié)問(wèn)題,本文進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的研究工作。在閱讀了大量中外文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)了VRV空調(diào)系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)階段的研究進(jìn)展,分析了變頻壓縮機(jī)、冷凝器、蒸發(fā)器、電子膨脹閥的工作機(jī)理和模型。通過(guò)分析可知,在VRV空調(diào)系統(tǒng)中,由于蒸發(fā)器和冷凝器中的制冷劑狀態(tài)與其中的壓力、溫度有著緊密的聯(lián)系,通過(guò)機(jī)理建模得到的模型必然是高階的、非線性的。在實(shí)際控制器的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中,需要將模型進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化處理,這會(huì)帶來(lái)一定的建模誤差。前人通過(guò)辨識(shí)實(shí)際VRV空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行參數(shù),得到了低階、線性增量式的狀態(tài)模型,本文以該模型為基礎(chǔ),建立了適用于控制器設(shè)計(jì)的離散化的狀態(tài)空間模型。該離散化模型是原有模型的推導(dǎo)與變換,既保留了原有模型的精度,也使控制器的選擇更為廣泛。在VRV空調(diào)系統(tǒng)離散化狀態(tài)空間方程的基礎(chǔ)上,將房間的溫度偏差、蒸發(fā)器最佳過(guò)熱度及控制器的輸出增量作為系統(tǒng)的綜合優(yōu)化目標(biāo),基于最優(yōu)控制策略,研究了房間溫度和蒸發(fā)器過(guò)熱度的最佳控制方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)VRV空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的整體節(jié)能優(yōu)化運(yùn)行。MATLAB的仿真結(jié)果表明,針對(duì)VRV空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的多種運(yùn)行工況,該控制方法能夠滿足控制精度和過(guò)熱度的安全性的要求。針對(duì)最優(yōu)控制器無(wú)法克服由建模誤差帶來(lái)的系統(tǒng)參數(shù)不確定性的問(wèn)題,本文設(shè)計(jì)了魯棒控制器,以克服模型參數(shù)的不確定性,達(dá)到理想的控制精度,并使用MATLAB軟件進(jìn)行仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)。仿真結(jié)果表明,在VRV空調(diào)系統(tǒng)多種運(yùn)行工況下,所設(shè)計(jì)的魯棒控制器能夠克服模型參數(shù)不確定性對(duì)運(yùn)行性能的影響,仿真曲線變化平穩(wěn),沒(méi)有波動(dòng),空調(diào)運(yùn)行安全可靠。
[Abstract]:In recent years, VRV air conditioning system has been widely used in office buildings and hotels because of its small number of equipment, flexible installation and layout, energy saving and high efficiency, simple and convenient maintenance, flexible distribution of cold quantity and so on. VRV air conditioning system in small and medium-sized buildings such as shopping malls and villas is a multivariable and strongly coupled system composed of a frequency conversion compressor, a condenser, a plurality of indoor evaporators and a plurality of electronic expansion valves. In a nonlinear system, the coordinated control of the speed of frequency conversion compressor and the opening of electronic expansion valve is the key to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the system, aiming at the adjustment of room temperature and superheat in VRV air conditioning system. On the basis of reading a large number of Chinese and foreign literature, this paper summarizes the current research progress of VRV air conditioning system, analyzes the frequency conversion compressor, condenser, evaporator. The working mechanism and model of the electronic expansion valve. Through the analysis, it can be seen that in the VRV air conditioning system, the refrigerant state in the evaporator and condenser is closely related to the pressure therein, and the temperature is closely related. The model obtained by mechanism modeling must be high order and nonlinear. In the design process of actual controller, it is necessary to simplify the model. This will lead to certain modeling errors. By identifying the operating parameters of the actual VRV air conditioning system, a low order, linear incremental state model is obtained, which is based on this model. A discrete state space model suitable for controller design is established. The discrete model is the derivation and transformation of the original model, which preserves the accuracy of the original model. On the basis of the discrete state space equation of VRV air conditioning system, the temperature deviation of the room is put forward. The optimal superheat degree of evaporator and the output increment of the controller are taken as the comprehensive optimization objectives. Based on the optimal control strategy, the optimal control methods of room temperature and superheat degree of evaporator are studied. The simulation results of realizing the whole energy-saving optimization operation of VRV air conditioning system. MATLAB show that, aiming at various operating conditions of VRV air conditioning system. The control method can meet the requirements of the control precision and the safety of superheat. Aiming at the problem that the optimal controller can not overcome the uncertainty of the system parameters caused by the modeling error, a robust controller is designed in this paper. In order to overcome the uncertainty of the model parameters and achieve the ideal control accuracy, and use MATLAB software to carry out the simulation experiment. The simulation results show that under various operating conditions of VRV air conditioning system. The designed robust controller can overcome the influence of the uncertainty of the model parameters on the operation performance. The simulation curve is stable and there is no fluctuation, and the air conditioning operation is safe and reliable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB657.2;TP273

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