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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)三維DV-Hop定位算法研究　出處：《江西理工大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò) 3D-DV-Hop算法 雙曲線定位 誤差加權(quán) 邊緣區(qū)域

【摘要】：現(xiàn)如今無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)已成為IT行業(yè)中研究的熱門方向,而它的一項核心性和支撐性技術(shù)就是節(jié)點定位技術(shù)。這一技術(shù)也是無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)在進行結(jié)構(gòu)監(jiān)測、環(huán)境監(jiān)測、戰(zhàn)場監(jiān)視和動物跟蹤等許多領(lǐng)域被廣泛應(yīng)用的前提。因此,實現(xiàn)節(jié)點高精度定位,明確事情發(fā)生的具體所在地對于傳感器節(jié)點來說是最根本的功能之一。但現(xiàn)在大多算法都限制在二維平面的定位,對于三維復(fù)雜環(huán)境網(wǎng)絡(luò)的定位算法相對較少,而三維網(wǎng)絡(luò)定位比二維平面定位對于位置信息的要求更加充分,其空間的復(fù)雜度和對網(wǎng)絡(luò)的連通度、密度也相應(yīng)的增加,因此二維平面情況下的定位算法不能直接應(yīng)用在三維環(huán)境中。本文主要把不需要測距的DV-Hop算法中心思想延伸至三維環(huán)境網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,經(jīng)過分析探討3D-DV-Hop算法于定位過程當中所具有的缺陷和導(dǎo)致其出現(xiàn)誤差原因,再經(jīng)過理論性學習和研究,提出了針對性的改進方法。本文主要內(nèi)容和所做工作如下:(1)對WSN定位技術(shù)的基本理論、算法分類、研究狀況及應(yīng)用進行了系統(tǒng)論述。重點通過對3D-DV-Hop算法基本思想、性能實現(xiàn)等進入深入探討及研究,以此來奠定實現(xiàn)本文算法的理論基礎(chǔ)。(2)為了降低三維空間網(wǎng)絡(luò)中算法對未知節(jié)點所造成的定位誤差,提高3D-DV-Hop算法定位精度,提出基于節(jié)點誤差加權(quán)和三維雙曲線定位的3D-DV-Hop改進方法。該算法首先采用對誤差進行加權(quán)的辦法處理待定位節(jié)點的平均跳距,然后分類選取待定位節(jié)點與錨節(jié)點間的跳段距離,最后將二維雙曲線法拓展到三維環(huán)境網(wǎng)絡(luò)中求解定位節(jié)點的坐標。仿真實驗結(jié)果表明,改進算法在三維WSN環(huán)境中可以對待定位節(jié)點進行有效的定位,相較于對比文獻有更高的定位精度。(3)由于WSN中節(jié)點一般都是雜亂且無規(guī)律的,網(wǎng)絡(luò)中邊緣地區(qū)的節(jié)點往往由于得不到錨節(jié)點確切坐標或者得不到充分能夠完成定位的錨節(jié)點確切坐標而使得節(jié)點定位精度降低。針對這一情況,本文主要思想是在網(wǎng)絡(luò)周邊特定區(qū)域人工安置相應(yīng)錨節(jié)點,以達到提高周邊節(jié)點完成定位的數(shù)量,進而提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)的整體定位精度,然后再使用改進的誤差加權(quán)的方法獲取待定位節(jié)點的有效平均跳距。實驗數(shù)據(jù)表明,在不增加硬件設(shè)施和計算量的情況下,本文方法相較于3D-DV-Hop算法有很大的提高。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs) has become a hot research direction in IT industry. One of its core and supporting technologies is node location technology, which is also the structure monitoring and environmental monitoring of wireless sensor networks. Battlefield surveillance and animal tracking are widely used in many fields. It is one of the most fundamental functions for sensor nodes to specify the location of what happened. However, most of the algorithms are limited to the location of two-dimensional plane, and there are relatively few localization algorithms for three-dimensional complex environment network. Three-dimensional network location requires more information than two-dimensional plane positioning, and its space complexity, connectivity and density also increase accordingly. Therefore, the localization algorithm in two-dimensional plane can not be directly applied in three-dimensional environment. In this paper, the central idea of DV-Hop algorithm which does not need ranging is mainly extended to three-dimensional environment network. Through the analysis of the 3D-DV-Hop algorithm in the localization process of defects and causes of errors, and then through theoretical learning and research. The main contents and work of this paper are as follows: 1) the basic theory and algorithm classification of WSN positioning technology. The research status and application are discussed systematically, especially through the basic idea of 3D-DV-Hop algorithm, performance realization and so on into the in-depth discussion and research. In order to reduce the location error caused by the algorithm to unknown nodes in three-dimensional space network, improve the positioning accuracy of 3D-DV-Hop algorithm. An improved 3D-DV-Hop method based on node error weighting and 3D hyperbolic positioning is proposed. Then the hopping distance between the node to be located and the anchor node is classified and the two-dimensional hyperbolic method is extended to solve the coordinates of the location node in the three-dimensional environmental network. The simulation results show that. The improved algorithm can effectively locate the location nodes in 3D WSN environment. Compared with the literature, the improved algorithm has a higher positioning accuracy. (3) because the nodes in WSN are generally chaotic and irregular. Nodes in the edge of the network often have low accuracy due to the lack of the exact coordinates of the anchor nodes or the exact coordinates of the anchor nodes that can be fully positioned. The main idea of this paper is to manually place anchor nodes in specific areas around the network in order to increase the number of peripheral nodes to complete the positioning and then improve the overall positioning accuracy of the network. Then the improved error weighting method is used to obtain the effective average hopping distance of the node to be located. The experimental data show that the hardware facilities and computation are not increased. Compared with the 3D-DV-Hop algorithm, the proposed method is much better than the 3D-DV-Hop algorithm.
【學位授予單位】：江西理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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