儀器的自動發(fā)現(xiàn)與測控管理
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-18 14:39
【摘要】：隨著儀器在各個領域的大量使用,從研究實驗室到工業(yè)廠房,自動化儀器無處不在。人們意識到收集隨時間變遷的數(shù)據(jù)有用起來,自然就需要某種方法來捕捉并完成數(shù)據(jù)記錄。一旦計算機被連接到儀器,數(shù)據(jù)收集、分析和控制等等功能就可以自由擴展。借助已經(jīng)發(fā)展成熟并且廣泛應用的網(wǎng)絡技術,實現(xiàn)儀器的網(wǎng)絡化和智能化。儀器測量系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)從傳統(tǒng)的RS232、CAN、USB等總線測量系統(tǒng)發(fā)展到以互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術應用為基礎的LAN總線網(wǎng)絡化測量系統(tǒng),不同接口、不同類型的大量儀器接入測試環(huán)境,需要對儀器進行整體的管理。為了統(tǒng)一接口標準,美國國家儀器(National Instruments、簡稱NI)提出了虛擬儀器(Virtual Instrument,簡稱VI)的概念,并結合IVI技術(Interchangeable Virtual Instrument, IVI)進行控制和測量,虛擬儀器通過計算機軟件將計算機硬件資源與儀器硬件有機融為一體,從而把計算機強大的處理能力和儀器硬件的測量、控制能力結合起來。為了實現(xiàn)虛擬儀器和實體儀器的整體管理,其中包括本地儀器探測發(fā)現(xiàn),IVI驅動管理,設備統(tǒng)一管理,對儀器進行互換配置,完成儀器的IVI互換性需求,從而最大程度的提高儀器的管理效率和測試效率,本選題將虛擬儀器設計技術中對儀器的管理和操作使用為基礎,結合儀器網(wǎng)絡化的特點,設計對虛擬儀器進行統(tǒng)一管理的系統(tǒng),可以針對本地的儀器資源和儀器驅動進行管理配置和查詢等基本功能。在虛擬儀器技術基礎上,設計了一套具有可互換性的虛擬測控平臺,可以針對不同的儀器進行仿真和實體儀器的測量和操作。在研究了VISA技術和IVI技術后,實現(xiàn)了通過VISA完成對儀器硬件的基本的探測功能,通過IVI技術實現(xiàn)對儀器的互換和實體操作,將兩種技術結合起來完成對實體硬件的訪問和操作。本文首先對虛擬儀器的設計架構進行深入地分析和研究,主要內容包括：VISA技術、LXI總線技術和IVI技術的規(guī)范,通過對這些內容的研究和整合,了解虛擬儀器的工作原理并能夠搭建虛擬儀器的工作環(huán)境,分析虛擬儀器的軟硬件的工作關系和流程。其次針對IVI技術進行詳細分析,從IVI的內部機制分析出IVI儀器互換的具體流程。在系統(tǒng)的實現(xiàn)上,結合Python語言,利用其高效、靈活、具有面向對象的特點,結合Pyqt4、NumPy以及Matplotlib等功能強大的可擴展模塊,以及IVI和VISA技術的后端支持,將儀器探測管理以及儀器測量功能結合起來,提高虛擬儀器的測試效率,實現(xiàn)儀器管理、驅動管理以及儀器互換測量的目的。
[Abstract]:With the extensive use of instruments in various fields, automatic instruments are everywhere from research laboratories to industrial buildings. People realize that collecting data over time is useful, and nature needs a way to capture and complete data records. Once the computer is connected to the instrument, data collection, analysis and control functions can be freely extended. With the help of the network technology which has been developed and widely used, the instrument can be networked and intelligentized. The instrument measurement system has developed from the traditional RS232,CAN,USB bus measurement system to the LAN bus network measurement system based on the application of Internet technology, with different interfaces and different types of instrument access test environment. The instrument needs to be managed as a whole. In order to unify the interface standard, the concept of virtual instrument (Virtual Instrument, (VI) is put forward by (National Instruments, (NI), and the IVI technology (Interchangeable Virtual Instrument, IVI) is used to control and measure it. Virtual instrument combines computer hardware resources with instrument hardware organically through computer software, which combines the powerful processing ability of computer with the measurement and control ability of instrument hardware. In order to realize the whole management of virtual instrument and physical instrument, including local instrument detection and discovery, IVI driver management, equipment unified management, instrument exchange configuration, the IVI interchangeability requirement of instrument is fulfilled. In order to improve the management efficiency and test efficiency of the instrument to the greatest extent, this topic is based on the management and operation of the instrument in the virtual instrument design technology, combined with the characteristics of the instrument network. A unified management system for virtual instruments is designed, which can manage, configure and query the local instrument resources and drivers. On the basis of virtual instrument technology, a set of virtual measurement and control platform with interchangeability is designed, which can simulate different instruments and measure and operate physical instruments. After studying VISA technology and IVI technology, the basic detecting function of instrument hardware is realized through VISA, the exchange and entity operation of instrument are realized by IVI technology, and the access and operation of entity hardware are accomplished by combining the two technologies. In this paper, the design framework of virtual instrument is analyzed and studied in depth. The main contents include: VISA technology, LXI bus technology and the specification of IVI technology, through the research and integration of these contents, To understand the working principle of virtual instrument and build the working environment of virtual instrument, analyze the working relationship and flow of software and hardware of virtual instrument. Secondly, the IVI technology is analyzed in detail, and the specific flow of IVI instrument exchange is analyzed from the internal mechanism of IVI. In the implementation of the system, combining with the Python language, using its high efficiency, flexibility and object-oriented characteristics, combining with the powerful extensible modules such as Pyqt4,NumPy and Matplotlib, as well as the back-end support of IVI and VISA technology. The instrument detection management and the instrument measurement function are combined to improve the testing efficiency of the virtual instrument and to realize the purpose of instrument management, driving management and instrument exchange measurement.
【學位授予單位】：西安郵電大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH702
本文編號：2385990
[Abstract]:With the extensive use of instruments in various fields, automatic instruments are everywhere from research laboratories to industrial buildings. People realize that collecting data over time is useful, and nature needs a way to capture and complete data records. Once the computer is connected to the instrument, data collection, analysis and control functions can be freely extended. With the help of the network technology which has been developed and widely used, the instrument can be networked and intelligentized. The instrument measurement system has developed from the traditional RS232,CAN,USB bus measurement system to the LAN bus network measurement system based on the application of Internet technology, with different interfaces and different types of instrument access test environment. The instrument needs to be managed as a whole. In order to unify the interface standard, the concept of virtual instrument (Virtual Instrument, (VI) is put forward by (National Instruments, (NI), and the IVI technology (Interchangeable Virtual Instrument, IVI) is used to control and measure it. Virtual instrument combines computer hardware resources with instrument hardware organically through computer software, which combines the powerful processing ability of computer with the measurement and control ability of instrument hardware. In order to realize the whole management of virtual instrument and physical instrument, including local instrument detection and discovery, IVI driver management, equipment unified management, instrument exchange configuration, the IVI interchangeability requirement of instrument is fulfilled. In order to improve the management efficiency and test efficiency of the instrument to the greatest extent, this topic is based on the management and operation of the instrument in the virtual instrument design technology, combined with the characteristics of the instrument network. A unified management system for virtual instruments is designed, which can manage, configure and query the local instrument resources and drivers. On the basis of virtual instrument technology, a set of virtual measurement and control platform with interchangeability is designed, which can simulate different instruments and measure and operate physical instruments. After studying VISA technology and IVI technology, the basic detecting function of instrument hardware is realized through VISA, the exchange and entity operation of instrument are realized by IVI technology, and the access and operation of entity hardware are accomplished by combining the two technologies. In this paper, the design framework of virtual instrument is analyzed and studied in depth. The main contents include: VISA technology, LXI bus technology and the specification of IVI technology, through the research and integration of these contents, To understand the working principle of virtual instrument and build the working environment of virtual instrument, analyze the working relationship and flow of software and hardware of virtual instrument. Secondly, the IVI technology is analyzed in detail, and the specific flow of IVI instrument exchange is analyzed from the internal mechanism of IVI. In the implementation of the system, combining with the Python language, using its high efficiency, flexibility and object-oriented characteristics, combining with the powerful extensible modules such as Pyqt4,NumPy and Matplotlib, as well as the back-end support of IVI and VISA technology. The instrument detection management and the instrument measurement function are combined to improve the testing efficiency of the virtual instrument and to realize the purpose of instrument management, driving management and instrument exchange measurement.
【學位授予單位】：西安郵電大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TH702
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