本文選題：近紅外光譜分析 + 微型光譜儀　； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：近紅外光譜分析以其信息豐富、信號容易獲取等優(yōu)點,逐漸在食品質(zhì)量檢測、生物醫(yī)學(xué)分析、光纖傳感解調(diào)、航空航天探測、光通信信道分析等諸多領(lǐng)域得到廣泛應(yīng)用。傳統(tǒng)近紅外光譜分析儀器結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、體積龐大,難以在實際工程應(yīng)用中得到推廣,而微型化、嵌入式的近紅外光譜儀具有體積小巧、響應(yīng)快速等優(yōu)點,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)實時在線監(jiān)測,具有廣闊的發(fā)展前景。本論文在充分分析近紅外微型光譜儀市場前景與國內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的前提下,針對近紅外微型光譜儀關(guān)鍵技術(shù)開展研究,設(shè)計出了高分辨率、微型化、滿足實際工程應(yīng)用需求的近紅外微型光譜分析儀。本論文主要研究工作如下:1.建立了近紅外微型光譜儀理論模型,探討了微型光譜儀基本結(jié)構(gòu),重點分析了分光系統(tǒng)和接收系統(tǒng),詳細分析了近紅外微型光譜儀主要性能參數(shù),以及影響其性能的主要因素。2.提出了一種新型的基于平場凹面光柵的分光光路系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu),建立了平場全息凹面光柵理論模型,理論分析研究了全息凹面光柵像差模型與像差校正方法,對平場凹面光柵進行優(yōu)化設(shè)計,獲得了滿足論文要求的凹面光柵結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)。仿真分析結(jié)果表明:優(yōu)化設(shè)計的平場凹面光柵波長分辨率優(yōu)于2nm,驗證了本論文設(shè)計的像差校正方法的正確性。3.研制了微型化近紅外微型光譜儀硬件電路模塊。電路中以FPGA為主控芯片,實現(xiàn)線陣探測器驅(qū)動時序控制、AD轉(zhuǎn)換控制、數(shù)據(jù)存儲以及軟硬件通信接口等功能。集成化結(jié)合低功耗設(shè)計實現(xiàn)了電路模塊的微型化與可嵌入,為樣機微型化奠定基礎(chǔ)。4.完成了信號處理算法與測控軟件編制。在上位機軟件中完成了微型光譜儀軟硬件接口驅(qū)動程序、編寫了光譜數(shù)據(jù)處理算法、設(shè)計了簡潔易用的軟件界面,實現(xiàn)了光譜數(shù)據(jù)的采集、處理以及圖形化顯示。對微型光譜儀進行了波長標定,采用曲線擬合結(jié)合標準光源特征譜線的方法實現(xiàn)了線陣CCD像點位置與光波長之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。5.研制了微型光譜儀樣機,實現(xiàn)了光學(xué)系統(tǒng)、硬件電路和數(shù)據(jù)處理算法聯(lián)合調(diào)試,并開展樣機性能測試實驗。實驗結(jié)果表明:本論文設(shè)計的微型光譜儀樣機波長分辨率為2nm,其主要性能參數(shù)達到了預(yù)期的設(shè)計目標。
[Abstract]:Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) has been widely used in many fields, such as food quality detection, biomedical analysis, optical fiber sensing demodulation, aerospace detection, optical communication channel analysis and so on. The traditional near infrared spectrometer has complex structure and huge volume, and it is difficult to be popularized in practical engineering application. The miniaturization and embedded near infrared spectrometer have the advantages of small volume and fast response, so it can realize real-time on-line monitoring. It has broad prospects for development. On the premise of analyzing the market prospect of NIR microspectrometer and the development status at home and abroad, the key technology of NIR microspectrometer is studied in this paper, and the high resolution and miniaturization are designed. The near infrared microspectrometer can meet the requirement of practical engineering application. The main research work of this thesis is as follows: 1. The theoretical model of NIR micro spectrometer is established, the basic structure of the micro spectrometer is discussed, the light splitting system and receiving system are emphatically analyzed, the main performance parameters of NIR micro spectrometer and the main factors affecting its performance are analyzed in detail. In this paper, a new structure of optical separation system based on flat field concave grating is proposed, and the theoretical model of flat field holographic concave grating is established. The aberration model and aberration correction method of holographic concave grating are theoretically analyzed and studied. The optimum design of flat field concave grating is carried out, and the concave grating structure parameters that meet the requirements of the thesis are obtained. The simulation results show that the wavelength resolution of the optimized flat field concave grating is better than 2 nm, which verifies the correctness of the aberration correction method designed in this paper. The hardware circuit module of miniaturized near infrared microspectrometer is developed. In the circuit, FPGA is used as the main control chip to realize the functions of linear array detector driving timing control, AD conversion control, data storage, hardware and software communication interface and so on. The integration and low power design realized the miniaturization and embeddedness of the circuit module, which laid a foundation for the miniaturization of the prototype. 4. The algorithm of signal processing and the software programming of measurement and control are completed. The hardware and software interface driver of the micro-spectrometer is completed in the upper computer software, the spectral data processing algorithm is written, the simple and easy-to-use software interface is designed, and the collection, processing and graphical display of the spectral data are realized. The wavelength calibration of the miniature spectrometer is carried out, and the conversion between the position of the linear CCD image point and the wavelength of the light wave is realized by the method of curve fitting combined with the characteristic spectral line of the standard light source. The prototype of the miniature spectrometer has been developed, and the optical system, hardware circuit and data processing algorithm have been debugged jointly, and the performance test experiment of the prototype has been carried out. The experimental results show that the wavelength resolution of the miniature spectrometer designed in this paper is 2 nm and its main performance parameters reach the expected design goal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TH744.1

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本文編號：1990710