【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著車(chē)載監(jiān)控越來(lái)越受重視,車(chē)載終端設(shè)備的需求不斷擴(kuò)大,因而現(xiàn)有的車(chē)載終端產(chǎn)品種類(lèi)越來(lái)越豐富,但是功能參差不齊,不能完全滿(mǎn)足現(xiàn)有的監(jiān)控需求。本文針對(duì)現(xiàn)有車(chē)載終端設(shè)備功能不齊全的問(wèn)題,對(duì)具有全景和特寫(xiě)功能的車(chē)載終端設(shè)備進(jìn)行深入研究。本文車(chē)載終端的總體方案是:車(chē)載終端上部的攝像機(jī)在車(chē)載云臺(tái)的帶動(dòng)下可上下左右運(yùn)動(dòng),從而實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)任意方向視頻監(jiān)控畫(huà)面的特寫(xiě);車(chē)載終端下部間隔90°固定有四個(gè)廣角鏡頭,四個(gè)鏡頭采集的視頻畫(huà)面通過(guò)全景拼接系統(tǒng)生成全景視頻,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)全景監(jiān)控功能。本文主要研究車(chē)載終端的機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)以及車(chē)載全景功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)。此外,車(chē)載監(jiān)控視頻異常檢測(cè)也是本文的工作重點(diǎn)。車(chē)載云臺(tái)、車(chē)載機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)以及硬件電路是實(shí)現(xiàn)車(chē)載功能的基礎(chǔ)。本文使用蝸輪蝸桿減速機(jī)和同步帶傳動(dòng)作為車(chē)載云臺(tái)的驅(qū)動(dòng)方案;使用SolidWorks完成了車(chē)載終端機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)的三維建模以及有限元分析;同時(shí)完成了車(chē)載終端基本功能模塊的硬件電路設(shè)計(jì)。最終生產(chǎn)出的車(chē)載終端運(yùn)行良好且能實(shí)現(xiàn)基本的功能。全景技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)克服了傳統(tǒng)車(chē)載安防設(shè)備監(jiān)控視角小、監(jiān)控盲區(qū)的缺點(diǎn),因此本文提出了基于多攝像頭的車(chē)載全景功能,設(shè)計(jì)了基于圖像拼接的全景圖像生成系統(tǒng),并提出了基于改進(jìn)的ORB特征點(diǎn)全景圖像拼接算法。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明系統(tǒng)生成的全景圖像具有良好的視覺(jué)效果和兼容性。監(jiān)控視頻質(zhì)量的好壞標(biāo)志著車(chē)載監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)劣,但是監(jiān)控視頻容易受干擾的影響而出現(xiàn)視頻異常,故本文在全面分析車(chē)載監(jiān)控視頻干擾的成因基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了車(chē)載監(jiān)控視頻異常檢測(cè)系統(tǒng),并重點(diǎn)介紹了視頻噪聲、清晰度、亮度以及色偏異常檢測(cè)算法,最后通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了相應(yīng)的算法是高效可行的。本文結(jié)合機(jī)械、電子、圖像處理以及計(jì)算機(jī)視覺(jué)技術(shù),設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了具有特寫(xiě)和全景功能的車(chē)載終端產(chǎn)品,其最大的特點(diǎn)是一個(gè)產(chǎn)品就可提供全景和特寫(xiě)畫(huà)面;同時(shí)針對(duì)因干擾出現(xiàn)視頻異常問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了監(jiān)控視頻異常檢測(cè)系統(tǒng),對(duì)改善監(jiān)控視頻質(zhì)量和提高維護(hù)效率有很大幫助,具有一定的理論意義和實(shí)際使用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with more and more attention paid to vehicle monitoring, the demand of vehicle terminal equipment is expanding, so the variety of vehicle terminal products is becoming more and more rich, but the functions are not uniform, can not fully meet the existing monitoring needs. In this paper, the vehicle terminal equipment with panoramic and close-up functions is studied in depth, aiming at the problem that the function of the existing vehicle terminal equipment is not complete. The overall scheme of the vehicle terminal is as follows: the camera of the upper part of the vehicle terminal can move up and down under the driving of the vehicle cloud head so as to realize the close-up of the video surveillance screen in any direction; There are four wide-angle lenses fixed at 90 擄interval between the lower part of the vehicle terminal, and the video images collected by the four shots generate panoramic video through the panoramic mosaic system, so as to realize the panoramic monitoring function. This paper mainly studies the mechanical structure design, hardware circuit design and the realization of panoramic function of vehicle terminal. In addition, vehicle surveillance video anomaly detection is also the focus of this paper. Vehicle-mounted cloud head, vehicle-mounted mechanical structure and hardware circuit are the basis for the realization of vehicle functions. In this paper, the worm gear reducer and synchronous belt drive are used as the driving scheme of the vehicle cloud head, and the three-dimensional modeling and finite element analysis of the mechanical structure of the vehicle terminal are completed by using SolidWorks. At the same time, the hardware circuit design of the basic function module of the vehicle terminal is completed. The final production of the vehicle terminal runs well and can achieve basic functions. The emergence of panoramic technology overcomes the shortcomings of traditional vehicle security equipment monitoring and control of small visual angle, monitoring blind area, so this paper proposes a panoramic function based on multi-camera, and designs a panoramic image generation system based on image mosaic. An improved ORB feature point panoramic image mosaic algorithm is proposed. The experimental results show that the panoramic image generated by the system has good visual effect and compatibility. The quality of surveillance video indicates the merits and demerits of the vehicle monitoring system, but the surveillance video is easy to be affected by the interference and the video is abnormal. Therefore, this paper analyzes the causes of the vehicle monitoring video interference in a comprehensive way. An anomaly detection system for vehicle surveillance video is designed, and the algorithms for detecting video noise, sharpness, brightness and color deviation are introduced. Finally, the experimental results show that the algorithm is efficient and feasible. Combined with mechanical, electronic, image processing and computer vision technology, this paper designs and implements the vehicle terminal product with feature and panoramic functions. The biggest feature of the product is that a product can provide panoramic and close-up pictures. At the same time, aiming at the problem of video anomaly caused by interference, a video anomaly detection system is designed, which is of great help to improve the quality of surveillance video and improve the efficiency of maintenance. It has certain theoretical significance and practical value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN948.6

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