基于UCA的信源個數(shù)估計性能改善及其FPGA實現(xiàn)
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-09 17:30
【摘要】：在陣列信號處理中,信號源個數(shù)的估計在空間譜估計起著關(guān)鍵作用,當(dāng)估計的信源個數(shù)與真實的信源個數(shù)不一致時,信號來波方向(DOA)估計算法的性能急劇惡化。因此,準確的估計出信源個數(shù)意義重大。當(dāng)實際噪聲不滿足白噪聲模型時,傳統(tǒng)的高分辨方法的性能將會下降。針對現(xiàn)有算法在空間色噪聲環(huán)境下,信源數(shù)接近陣元數(shù)甚至超過陣元數(shù)時估計性能下降問題,提出了適用于均勻圓陣條件下基于虛擬陣列的信號源個數(shù)估計算法,論文的主要內(nèi)容包括:1.以MUSIC空間譜算法為例,分別研究了信源的錯誤估計對DOA性能的影響;對常規(guī)信源數(shù)估計算法簡要說明,并驗證陣元個數(shù),色噪聲相關(guān)度、信噪比、快拍數(shù)等條件變化對信源個數(shù)估計性能的影響。2.針對信源數(shù)接近陣元數(shù),現(xiàn)有很多算法因自由度不夠?qū)е缕涔烙嬓阅芟陆?對原始陣列虛擬增加陣元數(shù),提高陣元自由度增加可檢測的信號源數(shù)目的可能。本文理論分析了內(nèi)插變換和四階累積量的虛擬天線技術(shù),通過仿真實驗,驗證了虛擬陣列增加陣列自由度性能。為了解決四階累積量中存在冗余信息問題,本文通過陣元坐標矢量信息,直接構(gòu)造適用于均勻圓陣下去冗余的四階累積量矩陣,并在白噪聲下結(jié)合蓋爾圓盤準則驗證了陣列擴展對信源個數(shù)估計性能的影響。3.針對色噪聲環(huán)境的不確定性,以及有限快拍下四階累積量矩陣構(gòu)造缺陷,在信源數(shù)接近陣元數(shù)時,信號蓋爾圓盤和噪聲蓋爾圓盤沒有明顯區(qū)分,造成調(diào)整因子敏感,影響估計性能。利用蓋爾圓盤準則和四階累積量都能一定程度的克服色噪聲影響,提出了一種適用于均勻圓陣條件下基于去冗余的四階累積量矩陣的蓋爾圓盤改進算法,避免了人為因素的影響設(shè)計了自動調(diào)整因子的方法。最后通過理論數(shù)據(jù)仿真以及實測數(shù)據(jù)驗證了本文算法的有效性,并對本文提出的算法進行了一個復(fù)雜度的評估。4.利用Kintex-7系列的FPGA實現(xiàn)信源個數(shù)估計算法。分別對每個算法模塊進行了FPGA實現(xiàn)分析,最后進行了系統(tǒng)資源評估,并在外場環(huán)境實驗下進行了FPGA測試分析,驗證了系統(tǒng)的正確性。本文提出的方法具體表現(xiàn)在兩方面,一方面,在均勻圓陣條件下去冗余后的四階累積量產(chǎn)生的虛擬陣元能夠彌補蓋爾圓盤中當(dāng)信源數(shù)接近陣元數(shù)時系統(tǒng)自由度不夠的缺陷;另一方面,矩陣中噪聲特征值發(fā)散的問題則可通過對蓋爾圓法中半徑壓縮的改進得到克服。
[Abstract]:In array signal processing, the estimation of the number of signal sources plays a key role in the spatial spectrum estimation. When the estimated number of sources is not consistent with the number of real sources, the performance of the (DOA) estimation algorithm for the direction of signal arrival is sharply deteriorated. Therefore, accurate estimation of the number of sources is of great significance. When the actual noise does not satisfy the white noise model, the performance of the traditional high resolution method will decline. Aiming at the problem of the performance degradation of the existing algorithms when the number of sources is close to or even exceeds the number of array elements in the environment of spatial color noise, an algorithm for estimating the number of signal sources based on virtual array under uniform circular array is proposed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Taking MUSIC spatial spectrum algorithm as an example, the effect of source error estimation on DOA performance is studied. This paper gives a brief description of the conventional source number estimation algorithm, and verifies the effect of the number of array elements, the correlation degree of color noise, the signal-to-noise ratio and the number of rapids on the performance of the estimation of the number of sources. 2. Since the number of sources is close to the number of array elements, many existing algorithms have the possibility of increasing the number of array elements and the number of detectable signal sources by increasing the number of array elements virtual for the original array due to the lack of degree of freedom. In this paper, the interpolation transformation and fourth-order cumulant virtual antenna technology are theoretically analyzed. The performance of the virtual array to increase the degree of freedom of the array is verified by simulation experiments. In order to solve the problem of redundant information in fourth-order cumulant, a fourth-order cumulant matrix suitable for redundancy of uniform circular array is constructed directly by means of coordinate vector information of array elements. The effect of array expansion on the performance of source number estimation is verified by combining the Gale disk criterion with white noise. 3. 3. In view of the uncertainty of the color noise environment and the defect of constructing the fourth-order cumulant matrix under the finite fast shooting, when the source number is close to the array element number, there is no obvious difference between the signal Gaelic disk and the noise Gaelic disk, which results in the sensitivity of the adjustment factor. Influence estimation performance. Using the Gale disk criterion and the fourth order cumulant to overcome the influence of color noise to a certain extent, an improved Gale disk algorithm based on the deredundant fourth order cumulant matrix is proposed for uniform circular array. The method of automatic adjustment factor is designed to avoid the influence of human factors. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by theoretical data simulation and measured data, and the complexity of the proposed algorithm is evaluated. 4. The number of sources is estimated by FPGA of Kintex-7 series. The implementation of each algorithm module is analyzed by FPGA, and the system resource is evaluated. The correctness of the system is verified by FPGA test and analysis in the field environment. The method presented in this paper is shown in two aspects. On the one hand, the virtual array elements generated by the fourth order cumulant after removing redundancy under the condition of uniform circular array can make up for the deficiency of the system degree of freedom when the number of information sources is close to the number of array elements in Gale disk; On the other hand, the divergence of noise eigenvalues in matrix can be overcome by the improvement of radius compression in Gaelic circle method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN911.23
本文編號：2419215
[Abstract]:In array signal processing, the estimation of the number of signal sources plays a key role in the spatial spectrum estimation. When the estimated number of sources is not consistent with the number of real sources, the performance of the (DOA) estimation algorithm for the direction of signal arrival is sharply deteriorated. Therefore, accurate estimation of the number of sources is of great significance. When the actual noise does not satisfy the white noise model, the performance of the traditional high resolution method will decline. Aiming at the problem of the performance degradation of the existing algorithms when the number of sources is close to or even exceeds the number of array elements in the environment of spatial color noise, an algorithm for estimating the number of signal sources based on virtual array under uniform circular array is proposed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Taking MUSIC spatial spectrum algorithm as an example, the effect of source error estimation on DOA performance is studied. This paper gives a brief description of the conventional source number estimation algorithm, and verifies the effect of the number of array elements, the correlation degree of color noise, the signal-to-noise ratio and the number of rapids on the performance of the estimation of the number of sources. 2. Since the number of sources is close to the number of array elements, many existing algorithms have the possibility of increasing the number of array elements and the number of detectable signal sources by increasing the number of array elements virtual for the original array due to the lack of degree of freedom. In this paper, the interpolation transformation and fourth-order cumulant virtual antenna technology are theoretically analyzed. The performance of the virtual array to increase the degree of freedom of the array is verified by simulation experiments. In order to solve the problem of redundant information in fourth-order cumulant, a fourth-order cumulant matrix suitable for redundancy of uniform circular array is constructed directly by means of coordinate vector information of array elements. The effect of array expansion on the performance of source number estimation is verified by combining the Gale disk criterion with white noise. 3. 3. In view of the uncertainty of the color noise environment and the defect of constructing the fourth-order cumulant matrix under the finite fast shooting, when the source number is close to the array element number, there is no obvious difference between the signal Gaelic disk and the noise Gaelic disk, which results in the sensitivity of the adjustment factor. Influence estimation performance. Using the Gale disk criterion and the fourth order cumulant to overcome the influence of color noise to a certain extent, an improved Gale disk algorithm based on the deredundant fourth order cumulant matrix is proposed for uniform circular array. The method of automatic adjustment factor is designed to avoid the influence of human factors. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by theoretical data simulation and measured data, and the complexity of the proposed algorithm is evaluated. 4. The number of sources is estimated by FPGA of Kintex-7 series. The implementation of each algorithm module is analyzed by FPGA, and the system resource is evaluated. The correctness of the system is verified by FPGA test and analysis in the field environment. The method presented in this paper is shown in two aspects. On the one hand, the virtual array elements generated by the fourth order cumulant after removing redundancy under the condition of uniform circular array can make up for the deficiency of the system degree of freedom when the number of information sources is close to the number of array elements in Gale disk; On the other hand, the divergence of noise eigenvalues in matrix can be overcome by the improvement of radius compression in Gaelic circle method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN911.23
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