發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-27 12:46

【摘要】：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)是由大量的傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)組成的自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)。隨著信息技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,WSN已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今的新興科技技術(shù)。近年來它的應(yīng)用范圍極其廣泛,例如:醫(yī)療、軍事、智能家居、環(huán)境觀測(cè)等。這些應(yīng)用中如果沒有精確的節(jié)點(diǎn)位置信息,則毫無意義。針對(duì)WSN中節(jié)點(diǎn)定位精確度較低的問題,本文提出了基于協(xié)同過濾的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)定位算法。本文主要內(nèi)容如下:首先,本文詳細(xì)敘述了 WSN的基本概念、主要特點(diǎn)及其應(yīng)用,并介紹了WSN中節(jié)點(diǎn)定位的算法分類、算法原理、以及經(jīng)典定位算法的詳細(xì)定位過程。其次,在深入地研究WSN定位算法的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)定位算法中常出現(xiàn)的鏡像誤差,提出了基于協(xié)同過濾的鏡像誤差修正定位算法。該算法結(jié)合節(jié)點(diǎn)間的幾何特征,引入定位模型,選出合理的參考節(jié)點(diǎn),過濾出精確度高的候選點(diǎn)作為節(jié)點(diǎn)的位置信息,減少了節(jié)點(diǎn)間的誤差傳遞,降低了整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的定位誤差。再次,針對(duì)兩個(gè)及兩個(gè)以上相鄰的節(jié)點(diǎn)同時(shí)發(fā)生鏡像誤差的情況,提出了WSN中基于協(xié)同過濾方法的改進(jìn)定位算法。該算法利用節(jié)點(diǎn)間的相互協(xié)作和節(jié)點(diǎn)間的幾何關(guān)系,引入定位模型,不僅迅速有效地對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生鏡像誤差的節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行修正定位,還可以對(duì)該分布情況下的未知節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行快速高效地定位,且避免了節(jié)點(diǎn)在定位過程中產(chǎn)生鏡像誤差的現(xiàn)象,從而降低了定位誤差,減少了通信開銷,提高了定位效率。最后,利用NS-2仿真軟件對(duì)本文提出的基于協(xié)同過濾的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)定位算法進(jìn)行仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)。通過改變算法中的相關(guān)參數(shù),對(duì)本文提出的定位算法與二階段模擬退火定位算法、避免鏡像誤差的樂觀定位算法、基于磁極思想的求精算法、無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)SL-n迭代定位算法的定位結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較,得出了如下結(jié)論:在相同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下,本文提出的基于協(xié)同過濾的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)定位算法,在定位精確度和能量消耗方面都優(yōu)于另外兩種算法。
[Abstract]:Wireless Sensor Network (Wireless Sensor Network,WSN) is an ad hoc network system composed of a large number of sensor nodes. With the rapid development of information technology, WSN has become a new technology. In recent years, it is widely used, such as medical, military, smart home, environmental observation and so on. There is no point in these applications without accurate node location information. Aiming at the problem of low accuracy of node location in WSN, a node localization algorithm based on cooperative filtering is proposed in this paper. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the basic concept, main characteristics and application of WSN are described in detail, and the classification and principle of node location algorithm in WSN are introduced, as well as the detailed localization process of classical localization algorithm. Secondly, based on the in-depth study of the WSN localization algorithm, a mirror error correction algorithm based on collaborative filtering is proposed for the image errors that often occur in the localization algorithm. Combined with the geometric characteristics of nodes, the algorithm introduces a location model, selects reasonable reference nodes, filters out candidate points with high accuracy as the location information of nodes, reduces the error transfer between nodes and reduces the positioning errors of the whole network. Thirdly, an improved localization algorithm based on cooperative filtering method in WSN is proposed for two or more adjacent nodes with image errors occurring at the same time. Based on the cooperation between nodes and the geometric relationship between nodes, the algorithm introduces a localization model, which not only modifies the nodes with mirror errors quickly and effectively, but also modifies them. The unknown nodes in this distribution can be located quickly and efficiently, and the mirror image error can be avoided in the localization process, thus reducing the location error, reducing the communication overhead and improving the localization efficiency. Finally, the simulation experiment of the node location algorithm based on collaborative filtering is carried out by using NS-2 simulation software. By changing the relevant parameters of the algorithm, the location algorithm proposed in this paper and the two-stage simulated annealing location algorithm, the optimistic location algorithm to avoid mirror error, the refinement algorithm based on magnetic pole thought, The results of SL-n iterative localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks are compared, and the following conclusions are obtained: under the same network environment, this paper proposes a node localization algorithm based on cooperative filtering for wireless sensor networks. It is superior to the other two algorithms in location accuracy and energy consumption.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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