【摘要】：隨著信息化時(shí)代的到來(lái),科技的發(fā)展與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)(Internet Of Things,IOT)作為信息技術(shù)的重要組成部分逐漸成為社會(huì)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。物聯(lián)網(wǎng),顧名思義,就是通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)將物與物相連。作為物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),射頻識(shí)別(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)技術(shù)也日益受到社會(huì)的青睞。射頻識(shí)別通過(guò)無(wú)線電識(shí)別特定目標(biāo)并讀寫(xiě)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),而無(wú)需識(shí)別系統(tǒng)與特定目標(biāo)之間建立機(jī)械或光學(xué)接觸。但是由于射頻識(shí)別技術(shù)中,無(wú)源設(shè)備之間無(wú)法進(jìn)行通信,也就無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)。同時(shí)射頻識(shí)別技術(shù)中存在通信距離短、路徑損耗嚴(yán)重以及設(shè)備依賴(lài)電源等缺點(diǎn),這些缺點(diǎn)一直制約著射頻識(shí)別技術(shù)的發(fā)展。幸運(yùn)的是,近年來(lái)基于射頻識(shí)別技術(shù)衍生的環(huán)境反向散射技術(shù)在系統(tǒng)研制和技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)方面取得了里程碑式的突破。環(huán)境反向散射技術(shù)是利用周?chē)h(huán)境中的信號(hào)(如電視廣播信號(hào)、手機(jī)信號(hào)、WiFi等)來(lái)創(chuàng)建新型的網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信方式。其通過(guò)反向散射環(huán)境中普遍存在的無(wú)線電信號(hào),達(dá)到能量采集和信號(hào)傳輸?shù)哪康摹Ｒ环矫婵梢允雇ㄐ旁O(shè)備擺脫對(duì)電源的依賴(lài),另一方面也有效地延長(zhǎng)了通信的距離。環(huán)境反向散射技術(shù)還可以支持節(jié)點(diǎn)之間的點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)通信,充分?jǐn)U展了射頻識(shí)別技術(shù)應(yīng)用的空間范圍和部署規(guī)模。環(huán)境反向散射技術(shù)也憑借其新穎性和無(wú)源性,吸引了眾多學(xué)者的關(guān)注和研究。本文基于環(huán)境反向散射技術(shù),構(gòu)建了兩種新型的無(wú)線通信系統(tǒng)模型,分別是多天線系統(tǒng)模型和多標(biāo)簽系統(tǒng)模型,并分別描述了兩種系統(tǒng)模型的通信過(guò)程,制定了對(duì)應(yīng)的通信協(xié)議。通過(guò)對(duì)兩種通信系統(tǒng)模型進(jìn)行符號(hào)化數(shù)學(xué)建模,本文對(duì)系統(tǒng)模型進(jìn)行了理論分析,并結(jié)合估計(jì)檢測(cè)方法給出了評(píng)價(jià)這兩種系統(tǒng)模型性能的誤碼率(BER)的計(jì)算方法。最后本文對(duì)兩種系統(tǒng)的通信過(guò)程進(jìn)行了仿真,分別計(jì)算了誤碼率的仿真結(jié)果和理論結(jié)果。通過(guò)理論結(jié)果和仿真結(jié)果的對(duì)比,我們驗(yàn)證了文中給出的系統(tǒng)模型的有效性,以及誤碼率計(jì)算的正確性。
[Abstract]:With the advent of the information age, the development of science and technology and the popularity of the Internet, the Internet of things (Internet Of Things,IOT) as an important part of information technology has gradually become the focus of attention. Internet of things, as its name implies, is to connect things through the Internet. As the key technology of the Internet of things, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification,RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology is increasingly popular in society. RFID identifies specific targets by radio and reads and writes related data without the need to establish mechanical or optical contact between the identification system and a particular target. However, due to radio frequency identification technology, passive devices can not communicate with each other, so that the real Internet of things can not be realized. At the same time, there are some shortcomings in RFID technology, such as short communication distance, serious path loss and equipment dependence on power supply. These shortcomings have been restricting the development of RFID technology. Fortunately, the environmental backscattering technology derived from RFID technology has made a milestone breakthrough in system development and technology implementation in recent years. Environmental backscattering technology is to create a new network communication mode by using the signal in the surrounding environment (such as TV broadcast signal, mobile phone signal, WiFi etc.). It achieves the purpose of energy acquisition and signal transmission by radio signal which is widely used in backscattering environment. On the one hand, the communication equipment can get rid of the dependence on power supply, on the other hand, the communication distance can be effectively extended. Environmental backscattering technology can also support point-to-point communication between nodes, fully expanding the spatial scope and deployment scale of RFID applications. Because of its novelty and passivity, environmental backscattering technology has attracted the attention and research of many scholars. In this paper, two new wireless communication system models are constructed based on the environment backscattering technology. They are the multi-antenna system model and the multi-label system model, and the communication processes of the two models are described respectively. The corresponding communication protocol is established. Based on the symbolic mathematical modeling of two communication system models, this paper analyzes the system models theoretically, and gives a calculation method of bit error rate (BER) for evaluating the performance of the two models by combining the estimation and detection methods. Finally, the communication process of the two systems is simulated, and the simulation results of the bit error rate and the theoretical results are calculated respectively. By comparing the theoretical results with the simulation results, we verify the validity of the proposed system model and the correctness of the BER calculation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP391.44;TN929.5

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本文編號(hào)：2414050