【摘要】：隨著信息時代的飛速發(fā)展和日益增長的生活出行需求,人們對自身位置信息的掌握也愈發(fā)急切,對位置服務(wù)也提出更高的要求。位置服務(wù)質(zhì)量的好壞不僅取決于定位的準確性,還取決于位置服務(wù)區(qū)域的全面性,但社會城市化的發(fā)展卻在制約著常規(guī)定位技術(shù)如GNSS的應(yīng)用,無法滿足人們在社會建筑群中的定位需求。在這種背景下,基于典型泛在無線信號WiFi的定位方式步入人們的視野,WLAN定位無需額外布設(shè)專用的導航定位設(shè)備,依靠現(xiàn)有周邊的基礎(chǔ)無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備就能實現(xiàn)定位。但WLAN定位在實際場景中的應(yīng)用,仍存在信號干擾波動性、定位算法完善性、WLAN接收設(shè)備差異性等問題,本文針對上述問題進行了以下研究工作。1、依據(jù)WLAN信號的傳播特征,設(shè)計了兩組室內(nèi)實驗,通過實驗分析對比WLAN無線信號的RSSI時變特性和RSSI與距離關(guān)系,探討不同信號強度下的信號波動特征和多路徑效應(yīng)對RSSI采樣的影響。在其它濾波算法此基礎(chǔ)上,提出一種臨界高斯濾波算法,該算法彌補了單一的RSSI預(yù)處理方法的不足。2、利用Windows網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系中的網(wǎng)絡(luò)驅(qū)動程序接口規(guī)范NDIS,通過其中的Miniport Driver小端口網(wǎng)卡驅(qū)動,實現(xiàn)了WLAN無線信號RSSI提取;設(shè)計并創(chuàng)建了指紋庫和指紋庫索引,實現(xiàn)了位置指紋庫的特征量的提取;引入歐氏距離權(quán)值解算定位點的坐標,實現(xiàn)了多維歐氏距離加權(quán)的WKNN算法的匹配定位,構(gòu)建了一套完整的基于典型泛在無線信號的位置指紋庫定位方法。3、完成了實際場景定位測試,測試內(nèi)容包括靜態(tài)單點定位、動態(tài)運動軌跡定位及不同無線網(wǎng)卡定位測試。靜態(tài)單點定位探討了不同K值選取下的點位定位誤差,為局域定位的邊緣區(qū)域定位提供參考;動態(tài)定位以軌跡線路的方式展現(xiàn)了WLAN定位下位置的連續(xù)變化情況;針對不同無線網(wǎng)卡在同一位置指紋庫中的定位測試,驗證了位置指紋庫定位算法在不同接收終端互換條件下靜態(tài)定位的可行性。測試結(jié)果表明,研究設(shè)計的基于典型泛在無線信號的局域定位方法在實際場景中定位切實可行,能實現(xiàn)室內(nèi)環(huán)境下的靜動態(tài)定位,并能取得較高的定位精度,基本能滿足大部分室內(nèi)環(huán)境下的位置服務(wù)需求,可以給相關(guān)需求的定位部門提供參考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the information age and the increasing life travel demand, people are increasingly eager to master their own location information, and put forward higher requirements for location services. The quality of location service depends not only on the accuracy of location, but also on the comprehensiveness of location service area. However, the development of social urbanization is restricting the application of conventional positioning technology such as GNSS. Can not meet the needs of people in the social building group positioning. In this context, based on the typical ubiquitous wireless signal WiFi positioning approach into the field of vision, WLAN positioning does not need additional special navigation and positioning equipment, relying on the existing peripheral basic wireless network equipment to achieve positioning. However, there are still some problems in the application of WLAN localization in the actual scene, such as signal interference fluctuation, localization algorithm perfection, WLAN receiving equipment difference, etc. In this paper, the following research work has been done in view of the above problems. 1, according to the propagation characteristics of WLAN signal, Two groups of indoor experiments were designed. The RSSI time-varying characteristics of WLAN wireless signals and the relationship between RSSI and distance were analyzed and compared, and the effects of signal fluctuation characteristics and multipath effects on RSSI sampling were discussed under different signal intensities. On the basis of other filtering algorithms, a critical Gao Si filter algorithm is proposed, which makes up for the deficiency of single RSSI pretreatment method. 2. NDIS, is standardized by network driver interface in Windows network architecture. Through the Miniport Driver small port network card driver, the WLAN wireless signal RSSI extraction is realized. The fingerprint database and the fingerprint database index are designed and created, and the feature quantity extraction of the location fingerprint database is realized. This paper introduces the coordinates of Euclidean distance weights to calculate the location points, realizes the matching location of multi-dimensional Euclidean distance weighted WKNN algorithm, and constructs a set of complete location fingerprint database localization methods based on typical ubiquitous wireless signals. The actual scene localization test is completed, which includes static single point positioning, dynamic motion locus positioning and different wireless network card localization tests. Static single point positioning discusses the location error under different K values, which provides a reference for the edge location of local location, and dynamic positioning shows the continuous change of position under WLAN location by the way of track line. Aiming at the location test of different wireless network cards in the same location fingerprint database, the feasibility of static location of location fingerprint database location algorithm under different receiving terminal exchange conditions is verified. The test results show that the local localization method based on typical ubiquitous wireless signals is feasible in the actual scene, can achieve static and dynamic positioning in indoor environment, and can achieve high positioning accuracy. It can meet the needs of location service in most indoor environment, and can provide reference to the location department of related requirements.
【學位授予單位】：江西理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN925.93

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