【摘要】：具有低成本、無布線、自然隔離、易于維護特點的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)是智能電網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)通信實踐的未來發(fā)展趨勢。將無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)用于智能配電網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)通信中具有很好的研究意義與應(yīng)用價值。由于配電網(wǎng)感知事件的數(shù)據(jù)存在著突發(fā)性特點,且并發(fā)數(shù)據(jù)流互相干擾,均可能造成無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)通信路由路徑發(fā)生擁塞,導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)傳輸延時增大、丟包數(shù)量增多等諸多問題的出現(xiàn),影響智能配電網(wǎng)安全運行。本文面向智能配電網(wǎng)的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的擁塞控制問題,對無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)實時可靠性服務(wù)質(zhì)量保證機制進行了研究。本文主要研究工作如下:1、對配電自動化系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)、智能配電網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)通信要求、無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)進行了分析。對智能配電網(wǎng)無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的結(jié)構(gòu)進行了設(shè)計,分析了造成無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)擁塞的主要因素。2、針對MAC層擁塞問題,將配電網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)按不同傳輸優(yōu)先級進行分類,以建立無線傳輸信道不公平競爭機制。基于非線性流體流量模型,在傳統(tǒng)的緩沖隊列管理算法基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用一種整體動態(tài)擁塞控制策略,設(shè)計了一種基于迭代思想的滑模學習控制器進行擁塞控制,從對參考信號的跟蹤性能、丟包率和控制信號等指標與傳統(tǒng)滑�？刂破鬟M行性能比較,并對控制效果進行討論。3、在建立的擁塞控制策略基礎(chǔ)上,提出MAC層性能評價體系,依據(jù)IEEE802.15.4標準MAC協(xié)議,建立相關(guān)評價網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能的數(shù)學模型,在仿真實驗中通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)吞吐率、網(wǎng)絡(luò)有效吞吐率、信道沖撞率和網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信延時等性能指標,對MAC層擁塞控制方法的有效性進行評價。4、針對網(wǎng)絡(luò)層擁塞,根據(jù)智能配電網(wǎng)通信性能要求的約束條件,建立了一種智能配電網(wǎng)無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸最優(yōu)路徑通信模型。利用龐特里雅金極值的方法構(gòu)建出所設(shè)計智能配電網(wǎng)無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信模型的哈密爾頓函數(shù),通過對極值條件存在的分析,判斷路徑是否在最優(yōu)路徑,最后給出了最優(yōu)控制模型的求解過程。通過算例分析和性能對比仿真實驗,驗證所提出的方法在數(shù)據(jù)傳輸延時、網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸能力以及接受數(shù)據(jù)的錯誤率的數(shù)據(jù)通信性能上均勻優(yōu)勢,對從網(wǎng)絡(luò)層的層面緩解網(wǎng)絡(luò)出現(xiàn)的擁塞是有效的。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor networks with low cost, no wiring, natural isolation and easy maintenance are the development trend of smart grid data communication practice in the future. It is of great significance and application value to apply wireless sensor network to smart distribution network data communication. Because of the sudden characteristics of the data of perceived events in the distribution network and the mutual interference of the concurrent data streams, the routing path of data communication in wireless sensor networks may be congested and the data transmission delay will be increased. The emergence of many problems, such as increasing number of packet loss, affects the safe operation of smart distribution network. Aiming at congestion control of wireless sensor networks in smart distribution networks, this paper studies the mechanism of real-time reliability quality of service (QoS) assurance in wireless sensor networks. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. The structure of distribution automation system, the requirements of smart distribution network data communication and the wireless sensor network architecture are analyzed. The structure of smart distribution network wireless sensor network is designed, and the main factors causing data congestion in wireless sensor network are analyzed. 2. Aiming at the congestion problem of MAC layer, the distribution network data is classified according to different transmission priorities. To establish a wireless transmission channel unfair competition mechanism. Based on the nonlinear fluid flow model and the traditional buffer queue management algorithm, a sliding mode learning controller based on iterative thought is designed to control congestion by using a global dynamic congestion control strategy. The performance of reference signal tracking, packet loss rate and control signal is compared with that of the traditional sliding mode controller. 3. Based on the established congestion control strategy, the performance evaluation system of MAC layer is proposed. According to the IEEE802.15.4 standard MAC protocol, a mathematical model is established to evaluate the network performance. In the simulation experiment, the network throughput, the network effective throughput, the channel collision rate and the network communication delay are measured. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of MAC congestion control method. 4. According to the constraints of smart distribution network communication performance, an optimal path communication model for wireless sensor network data transmission in smart distribution network is established. The Hamiltonian function of the wireless sensor network communication model of smart distribution network is constructed by using the method of Pontreyagin extremum. By analyzing the existence of extreme condition, we can determine whether the path is in the optimal path or not. Finally, the process of solving the optimal control model is given. The simulation results show that the proposed method has uniform advantages in data transmission delay, network transmission capability and error rate of receiving data. It is effective to alleviate the network congestion from the network layer level.
【學位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM76;TN929.5;TP212.9

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