【摘要】：穿墻雷達(dá)成像作為一種新型透視成像技術(shù),在反恐偵察、城市作戰(zhàn)、災(zāi)后營救等領(lǐng)域有廣泛應(yīng)用。常見的成像技術(shù)有紅外成像、熱成像、超聲波探測、可見光成像等。電磁波由于具有良好的傳輸穿透性,能夠保證穿墻雷達(dá)精確獲取非金屬介質(zhì)后待探測區(qū)域內(nèi)的信息,從而成像。常見的穿墻雷達(dá)成像方法有后向投影算法、衍射層析算法、時(shí)間反轉(zhuǎn)算法、壓縮感知算法等。本文主要針對后向投影算法和衍射層析算法進(jìn)行研究和改進(jìn)。后向投影算法由于精確補(bǔ)償電磁波在介質(zhì)表面發(fā)生折射的優(yōu)點(diǎn)成為穿墻雷達(dá)成像研究的熱點(diǎn)。但其成像原理的核心為待成像區(qū)域每一成像點(diǎn)的延時(shí)-求和,因此后向投影算法在成像時(shí)需進(jìn)行大量重復(fù)計(jì)算。傳統(tǒng)后向投影成像算法無法做到快速準(zhǔn)確地對墻后探測區(qū)域進(jìn)行高質(zhì)量成像,必須以犧牲時(shí)間為代價(jià)獲得高分辨率成像。本文以非均勻快速傅里葉變換為基礎(chǔ),提出一種高效的穿墻雷達(dá)快速后向投影成像算法,能在不降低成像質(zhì)量的前提下,大大縮短后向投影算成像重建時(shí)間,滿足穿墻雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)成像場合的需求。隨著穿墻雷達(dá)應(yīng)用場景復(fù)雜度增加,傳統(tǒng)單層墻體透視成像方法已經(jīng)無法滿足工程需求。本文從電磁逆散射原理出發(fā),研究穿墻雷達(dá)衍射層析成像算法,根據(jù)平面多層格林函數(shù)譜域展開式和爆炸源模型,提出一種基于一階Born近似的穿墻雷達(dá)多層媒質(zhì)衍射層析成像算法,能對多層平面媒質(zhì)后隱蔽目標(biāo)進(jìn)行快速準(zhǔn)確成像�；跁r(shí)域有限差分法的穿墻雷達(dá)全波電磁仿真數(shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證了所提成像算法的正確性和有效性。
[Abstract]:Wall penetrating radar imaging, as a new type of perspective imaging technology, has been widely used in anti-terrorist reconnaissance, urban warfare, post-disaster rescue and other fields. Common imaging techniques include infrared imaging, thermal imaging, ultrasonic detection, visible light imaging and so on. Because of its good transmission and penetration, the electromagnetic wave can accurately obtain the information in the region to be detected after the non-metallic medium is detected by the penetrating radar. The common imaging methods of wall-penetrating radar include backward projection algorithm, diffraction tomography algorithm, time reversal algorithm, compression sensing algorithm and so on. In this paper, the backward projection algorithm and diffraction tomography algorithm are studied and improved. The backward projection algorithm has become a hot spot in the research of wall penetrating radar imaging because of the advantage of accurately compensating the refraction of electromagnetic wave on the dielectric surface. However, the core of its imaging principle is the time-summation of each imaging point in the region to be imaged, so the backward projection algorithm needs a large number of repeated calculations in the imaging process. The traditional backward projection imaging algorithm can not perform high quality imaging of the detection area behind the wall quickly and accurately, so high resolution imaging must be obtained at the expense of time. Based on the nonuniform fast Fourier transform (FFT), an efficient fast backward projection imaging algorithm for wall-penetrating radar is proposed in this paper, which can greatly shorten the reconstruction time of the back-projection imaging without reducing the imaging quality. It can meet the need of real-time imaging of penetrating radar system. With the increasing complexity of penetrating radar scene, the traditional single-layer wall perspective imaging method can not meet the needs of engineering. Based on the principle of electromagnetic inverse scattering, the diffraction tomography algorithm of penetrating wall radar is studied in this paper. According to the expansion of plane multilayer Green's function spectral domain and the model of explosion source, A multi-layer diffraction tomography algorithm based on first-order Born approximation is proposed for radar multilayer diffraction tomography, which can quickly and accurately image the hidden targets behind the multi-layer plane media. The validity and validity of the proposed imaging algorithm are verified by the full wave electromagnetic simulation data of the wall penetrating radar based on the finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN957.52

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