【摘要】：波導(dǎo)縫隙天線具有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,饋電損耗小,口徑利用效率高以及功率容量大等固有優(yōu)勢,同時波導(dǎo)縫隙陣的口徑分布容易控制,便于實現(xiàn)窄波束,低副瓣以及波束賦形,所以波導(dǎo)縫隙天線至今在雷達、通信系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用中仍然占據(jù)著不可替代的位置。本文結(jié)合一款X波段多波束覆蓋準(zhǔn)連續(xù)波雷達的工程背景,對波導(dǎo)縫隙陣的設(shè)計方法以及工程應(yīng)用進行了研究,并將該設(shè)計方法應(yīng)用于新型間隙波導(dǎo),設(shè)計了一種基于槽型間隙波導(dǎo)的濾波縫隙陣。論文主要工作總結(jié)如下:首先基于等效電路理論和行波近似法分析了波導(dǎo)窄邊縫隙陣的電導(dǎo)表達式,借助仿真軟件HFSS提取了 X波段波導(dǎo)窄邊縫隙的電導(dǎo)函數(shù)并設(shè)計了一個6× 63單元的波導(dǎo)縫隙面陣。對設(shè)計的天線陣進行了加工實測,測試結(jié)果和仿真相吻合,在12%相對帶寬內(nèi)實現(xiàn)了優(yōu)于25.9dB的副瓣抑制以及28.9dBi以上的增益,驗證了設(shè)計方法的可行性。其次將設(shè)計的波導(dǎo)窄邊縫隙陣應(yīng)用于一款X波段多波束覆蓋準(zhǔn)連續(xù)波雷達的天線系統(tǒng),配合設(shè)計了一個基于威爾金森功分器的雙層印制板合成網(wǎng)絡(luò)來實現(xiàn)接收多波束,結(jié)合發(fā)射接收組件形成天線系統(tǒng)并對該系統(tǒng)進行了近場掃描校準(zhǔn),給出了經(jīng)過校準(zhǔn)之后的天線和差方向圖以及比幅曲線。與傳統(tǒng)波導(dǎo)相比,間隙波導(dǎo)降低了對加工精度的要求而在毫米波頻段得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用,將等效電路分析和電導(dǎo)提取相結(jié)合的方法應(yīng)用于間隙波導(dǎo)設(shè)計了一個W波段的十四單元縫隙陣,然后將天線陣與一個L型的四階濾波器集成設(shè)計,實現(xiàn)了濾波器與天線的無損連接并有效的抑制了頻帶以外的干擾信號。
[Abstract]:Waveguide slot antenna has the advantages of compact structure, small feed loss, high aperture utilization efficiency and large power capacity. Meanwhile, the aperture distribution of waveguide slot array is easy to control, and it is easy to realize narrow beam, low sidelobe and beamforming. So waveguide slot antenna still occupies an irreplaceable position in radar and communication system. Based on the engineering background of X-band multi-beam covering quasi-continuous wave radar, the design method and engineering application of waveguide slot array are studied in this paper, and the design method is applied to a new type of gap waveguide. A filter slot array based on slot gap waveguide is designed. The main work of this paper is summarized as follows: firstly, based on equivalent circuit theory and traveling wave approximation, the conductance expression of waveguide slot array with narrow edge is analyzed. The conductance function of the narrow edge slot in X band waveguide is extracted by the simulation software HFSS, and a 6 脳 63 element waveguide slot array is designed. The experiment results of the designed antenna array are in good agreement with the simulation results. The sidelobe suppression and the gain above the 28.9dBi are realized in the relative bandwidth of 12%. The feasibility of the design method is verified. Secondly, the designed waveguide narrow edge slot array is applied to the antenna system of X-band multi-beam covering quasi-continuous wave radar, and a double-layer PCB synthesis network based on Wilkinson power divider is designed to realize receiving multi-beam. The antenna system is formed by combining the transmitting and receiving components and the near field scanning calibration is carried out. The antenna, differential pattern and amplitude curve after calibration are given. Compared with traditional waveguides, gap waveguides are widely used in millimeter-wave band because of their lower machining accuracy. The method of equivalent circuit analysis and conductance extraction is applied to design a 14-cell slot array in the gap waveguide. Then the antenna array is integrated with an L-type fourth-order filter. The nondestructive connection between the filter and the antenna is realized and the interference signal outside the frequency band is effectively suppressed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN823.24

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