【摘要】：現(xiàn)如今,各種有著參差不齊的處理能力和存儲能力無線智能終端在人們的日常生活中出現(xiàn)。本文從構建一個異構型節(jié)點無線自組網(wǎng)的需求出發(fā),嘗試制定異構型無線自組網(wǎng)的通信協(xié)議,使得在異構型無線自組網(wǎng)通信系統(tǒng)中,具有不同性能的節(jié)點能根據(jù)自身的性能處理和傳輸數(shù)據(jù),有效地進行數(shù)據(jù)共享和交換,并且搭建這樣的一個自組網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)。在理論上,本文首先分析了無線自組網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡架構、網(wǎng)絡特點以及研究熱點,并介紹了無線傳感網(wǎng)。其次,對無線自組網(wǎng)通信協(xié)議的體系結構進行逐層剖析,總結出要設計易理解的、可行的無線自組網(wǎng)通信協(xié)議需要滿足的基本要求,并且得出本課題要研究的重點主要在于網(wǎng)絡層中的路由協(xié)議。在比較現(xiàn)在已有的部分常見路由通信協(xié)議的特點之后,本課題以AODV路由協(xié)議為基礎,融合了基準程序來對終端節(jié)點進行合理的性能分級,記錄節(jié)點的各項系統(tǒng)性能信息,并且通過節(jié)點系統(tǒng)性能信息來實現(xiàn)動態(tài)的路由控制。最后設計了自組網(wǎng)通信協(xié)議的各模塊,主要有證實重發(fā)、性能評估、各種報文類型和格式定義、路由表設計、路由發(fā)現(xiàn)、數(shù)據(jù)信息傳輸和基于心跳檢測的路由維護。從工程實現(xiàn)上,在Ubantu系統(tǒng)平臺上使用Java語言進行開發(fā)異構型自組網(wǎng)通信協(xié)議的終端軟件,基于三層軟件架構,運用了線程池、多線程技術、單例模式、生產(chǎn)者消費者模型、觀察者模式、簡單工廠模式等技術和設計模式完成了軟件的開發(fā)工作。實現(xiàn)了本機性能評估、路由請求、路由回復、路由維護、文本數(shù)據(jù)傳輸、路由表查詢、控制臺實時信息顯示、GUI和日志記錄等功能模塊。最后,為了測試本協(xié)議,采用ZigBee模塊作為數(shù)據(jù)收發(fā)模塊,分別與Linux和Windows系統(tǒng)的PC、Linux系統(tǒng)的Tiny210 Arm開發(fā)板所組成的五個節(jié)點,搭建了異構型無線自組網(wǎng)實驗系統(tǒng)。測試了軟件的基本路由功能、部分應用場景和協(xié)議的傳輸速度,分析實驗結果,確定了該協(xié)議和軟件在異構型無線自組網(wǎng)中具備基本的可用性,自適應性,可擴展性,并且傳輸速度具有較好的穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, wireless intelligent terminals with varying processing and storage capabilities appear in people's daily lives. Based on the requirement of constructing a heterogeneous node wireless ad hoc network, this paper tries to establish the communication protocol of heterogeneous wireless ad hoc network, so that in heterogeneous wireless ad hoc network communication system, Nodes with different performance can process and transmit data according to their own performance, and can effectively share and exchange data, and build such an ad hoc network system. In theory, this paper first analyzes the network architecture, network characteristics and research hotspot of wireless ad hoc network, and introduces wireless sensor network. Secondly, the architecture of the wireless ad hoc network communication protocol is analyzed layer by layer, and the basic requirements of the feasible wireless ad hoc network communication protocol to be designed are summarized. The main focus of this paper is the routing protocol in the network layer. After comparing the characteristics of some common routing and communication protocols, based on the AODV routing protocol, this paper integrates the benchmark program to classify the performance of the terminal nodes reasonably, and records the system performance information of the nodes. And through the node system performance information to achieve dynamic routing control. Finally, every module of Ad Hoc network communication protocol is designed, including retransmission, performance evaluation, message type and format definition, routing table design, routing discovery, data transmission and routing maintenance based on heartbeat detection. In terms of engineering implementation, the terminal software of heterogeneous ad hoc network communication protocol is developed by using Java language on the platform of Ubantu system. Based on three-tier software architecture, thread pool, multi-thread technology, singleton mode, producer and consumer model are used. The techniques and design patterns such as Observer pattern, simple Factory pattern and so on complete the development of software. The function modules such as native performance evaluation, routing request, route response, route maintenance, text data transmission, routing table query, console real-time information display, GUI and logging are implemented. Finally, in order to test this protocol, the ZigBee module is used as the data transceiver module, and the five nodes of the Tiny210 Arm development board of Linux and Windows system PC,Linux system are used to build the heterogeneous wireless ad hoc network experimental system. The basic routing function of the software, some application scenarios and the transmission speed of the protocol are tested, and the experimental results are analyzed. It is determined that the protocol and the software have the basic availability, adaptability and extensibility in heterogeneous wireless ad hoc networks. And the transmission speed has good stability.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP391.44;TN915.04

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