【摘要】：隨著通信技術(shù)、計算機技術(shù)和多媒體技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展,多媒體已經(jīng)深深融入到人們生活,其中視頻是多媒體中信息量最大、也是最常用的媒體,然而,它的數(shù)據(jù)量也是非常龐大的,不經(jīng)過壓縮編碼的視頻一般難以直接在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中傳輸。視頻壓縮編碼技術(shù)是視頻存儲、傳輸?shù)那疤?也是數(shù)字電視、視頻監(jiān)控、網(wǎng)絡視頻等應用的核心技術(shù)。近年來視頻分辨率越來越大,高分辨率視頻對存儲提出了很高的要求,為此ITU-T視頻編碼專家組和MPEG委員會聯(lián)合定制了最新的視頻編碼標準HEVC(High Efficiency Video Coding),并于2013年1月正式頒布,同時提供了編解碼參考軟件HM,引起了廣大學者的熱情研究。幀間編碼技術(shù)是視頻編碼中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一,也是最耗時的部分,占據(jù)了整個視頻編碼中約一半的運算量,如何兼顧運算量與運算精度一直以來是個熱門而具挑戰(zhàn)性的課題,學者們紛紛提出來了各種不同快速算法,然而幀間預測編碼的各種快速算法都是基于塊匹配,近年來有部分學者開始在幀間編碼中引入仿射變換模型,意在進一步提高編碼質(zhì)量。本文在學習HEVC整體編碼結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上,深入研究了幀間編碼,結(jié)合部分學者對仿射變換的初步探索結(jié)果,進一步探討了仿射變換的模式劃分、運動向量以及運算復雜度,并通過實驗證明了本文所提觀點的正確性和算法的有效性,論文主要工作如下:(1)提出了基于坐標描述的仿射運動模型,并對仿射變換單元做進一步細分,將基于方塊的仿射變換轉(zhuǎn)化為基于三角塊的仿射變換,實驗證明,本文算法可以獲得比塊平移更大的匹配精度;研究了由仿射變換產(chǎn)生的MV(運動向量)的性質(zhì),通過理論和實驗證明了相鄰MV的相關(guān)性很差,不具備類似Merge模式的可預測性;提出一種用于仿射運動估計的快速搜索方法,在匹配精度損失很小的情況下,縮短了運動估計的時間。(2)鑒于HEVC的參考軟件過于復雜、幀間預測編碼結(jié)構(gòu)龐大,所以未能將本文算法嵌入HM中,但本文仿照HEVC結(jié)構(gòu)獨立編寫了整個幀間預測編碼,包括預測單元的劃分、運動估計、量化及熵編碼,通過實驗數(shù)據(jù)作出不同測試序列的B-D曲線,仿真結(jié)果表明了本文所提算法在高精度編碼模式下,應對紋理細節(jié)復雜、運動劇烈的視頻具有其優(yōu)越性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of communication technology, computer technology and multimedia technology, multimedia has been deeply integrated into people's life. Its data is also very large, uncompressed video is generally difficult to transmit directly over the Internet. Video compression and coding technology is the premise of video storage and transmission, as well as the core technology of digital TV, video surveillance, network video and other applications. In recent years, the video resolution is getting bigger and bigger, and the high resolution video has put forward the very high request to the storage. For this reason, the expert group of ITU-T video coding and the MPEG committee have jointly customized the newest video coding standard HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding),. It was promulgated in January 2013, and the codec reference software HM, has aroused the enthusiasm of scholars. Inter-frame coding is one of the key techniques in video coding, and it is also the most time-consuming part. It accounts for about half of the computation in the whole video coding. How to balance the computation and precision has always been a hot and challenging topic. Scholars have put forward a variety of fast algorithms. However, the fast algorithms of inter-frame prediction coding are based on block matching. In recent years, some scholars began to introduce affine transformation models into inter-frame coding. It is intended to further improve the coding quality. Based on the study of the global coding structure of HEVC, this paper studies the inter-frame coding in depth, and further discusses the pattern partition, motion vector and computational complexity of the affine transformation, combined with the preliminary results of some scholars on the affine transformation. The experimental results show the correctness of the proposed method and the validity of the algorithm. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the affine motion model based on coordinate description is proposed, and the affine transformation unit is further subdivided. The block based affine transformation is transformed into the triangle block based affine transformation. The experiments show that the proposed algorithm can achieve greater matching accuracy than the block translation. The properties of MV (motion vector) generated by affine transformation are studied. It is proved by theory and experiment that the correlation of adjacent MV is very poor, and it does not have the predictability similar to Merge model. This paper presents a fast search method for affine motion estimation, which shortens the time of motion estimation with small loss of matching accuracy. (2) in view of the complexity of HEVC reference software, the frame prediction coding structure is huge. So we can not embed the algorithm into HM, but we write the whole inter-frame prediction code according to the HEVC structure independently, including the division of prediction units, motion estimation, quantization and entropy coding. The B-D curves of different test sequences are made from the experimental data. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to the video with complex texture details and intense motion under the high-precision coding mode.
【學位授予單位】：海南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN919.81

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