【摘要】：隨著衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航技術(shù)的發(fā)展,以高動(dòng)態(tài)為目標(biāo)的衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航接收機(jī)技術(shù)已經(jīng)不斷成熟。然而,近年來(lái),伴隨著以位置服務(wù)為目標(biāo)的應(yīng)用市場(chǎng)不斷擴(kuò)大,特別是在深山、密林、隧道、室內(nèi)等微弱衛(wèi)星信號(hào)環(huán)境下定位需求的增加,對(duì)高靈敏度衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航接收機(jī)技術(shù)的研究逐漸成為熱點(diǎn)。本文從理論出發(fā)并以實(shí)際應(yīng)用為背景,對(duì)三模衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航接收機(jī)在弱信號(hào)應(yīng)用環(huán)境下的捕獲、跟蹤技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究,并以FPGA+DSP為硬件平臺(tái)實(shí)現(xiàn)了三系統(tǒng)(GPS、GLONASS、北斗)弱信號(hào)的捕獲、跟蹤。捕獲、跟蹤技術(shù)均屬于信號(hào)的基帶信號(hào)處理技術(shù),它們是進(jìn)行導(dǎo)航信息解算的基礎(chǔ)。由于不同衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的導(dǎo)航數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)有所差異,所以各系統(tǒng)需要采取不同的捕獲、跟蹤策略。本文介紹了三個(gè)系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)和普通功率信號(hào)捕獲、跟蹤方法。在此基礎(chǔ)上,分別對(duì)涉及弱信號(hào)的捕獲技術(shù)和跟蹤技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究和實(shí)現(xiàn)。文章首先對(duì)相干和非相干積分的處理增益進(jìn)行了分析;之后對(duì)幾種可以有效提高信號(hào)捕獲靈敏度的方法進(jìn)行了討論,在此基礎(chǔ)上分別確定了三系統(tǒng)的捕獲方法和具體實(shí)現(xiàn)方案;最后對(duì)在硬件平臺(tái)上實(shí)現(xiàn)的捕獲方法進(jìn)行了測(cè)試并對(duì)測(cè)試結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析。同時(shí),本文對(duì)弱信號(hào)跟蹤技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究,分析和實(shí)現(xiàn)了三系統(tǒng)弱信號(hào)跟蹤的載波環(huán)和碼環(huán),包括具體實(shí)現(xiàn)方案、對(duì)方案實(shí)際性能的測(cè)試和測(cè)試結(jié)果分析。同時(shí)為了配合后續(xù)星歷解算處理,本文中還提出了一種適應(yīng)弱信號(hào)的數(shù)據(jù)位同步算法-K-P算法。經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)接收機(jī)實(shí)際測(cè)試證明:采用文中提出的方案,GPS和GLONASS系統(tǒng)的捕獲、跟蹤靈敏度達(dá)到-145dBm,北斗GEO/IGSO系統(tǒng)的捕獲靈敏度目前達(dá)到-135dBm。
[Abstract]:With the development of satellite navigation technology, high dynamic satellite navigation receiver technology has been mature. However, in recent years, with the continuous expansion of the market for location-oriented applications, especially in remote mountain, dense forest, tunnel, indoor and other weak satellite signal environment, the demand for positioning is increasing. The research of high sensitivity satellite navigation receiver technology has gradually become a hot spot. In this paper, the acquisition and tracking technology of three-mode satellite navigation receiver in weak signal application environment is studied based on theory and practical application background, and the acquisition of weak signal in GPS,GLONASS, Beidou is realized by using FPGA DSP as hardware platform. Track. Acquisition and tracking are all baseband signal processing techniques, which are the basis of navigation information calculation. Because the navigation data structure of different satellite navigation systems is different, different acquisition and tracking strategies are needed for each system. This paper introduces the data structure of the three systems and the common power signal acquisition and tracking methods. On the basis of this, the acquisition and tracking techniques involving weak signals are studied and implemented respectively. This paper first analyzes the processing gain of coherent and incoherent integrals, then discusses several methods that can effectively improve the sensitivity of signal acquisition, and then determines the acquisition methods and implementation schemes of the three systems respectively. Finally, the acquisition method implemented on the hardware platform is tested and the test results are analyzed. At the same time, the weak signal tracking technology is studied in this paper, and the carrier loop and code loop of weak signal tracking in three systems are analyzed and realized, including the concrete implementation scheme, and the test results of the actual performance of the scheme. At the same time, in order to cooperate with the subsequent ephemeris solution, a data bit synchronization algorithm, K-P algorithm, which adapts to weak signals, is also proposed in this paper. The experimental results show that the tracking sensitivity of GPS and GLONASS system is -145 dBm, and that of Beidou GEO/IGSO system is -135 dBm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN967.1

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