【摘要】：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一種由大量空間分布式自治設(shè)備組成的無線網(wǎng)絡(luò),通常利用位于不同位置的傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)相互協(xié)作監(jiān)測(cè)某一物理或者環(huán)境條件,過去的20年已經(jīng)從理論概念發(fā)展成一種新興的現(xiàn)代技術(shù)。目標(biāo)檢測(cè)作為無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的一種具體應(yīng)用,即判斷目標(biāo)對(duì)象是否出現(xiàn)在監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)域,可應(yīng)用于軍事指揮、醫(yī)療診斷和天氣預(yù)測(cè)等。近年來,將數(shù)據(jù)融合技術(shù)應(yīng)用于目標(biāo)檢測(cè),極大地提高了目標(biāo)檢測(cè)的精確度和可靠性。本文主要研究了基于數(shù)據(jù)融合的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)目標(biāo)檢測(cè)問題,主要工作如下:1.介紹了無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)和數(shù)據(jù)融合技術(shù)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容,并對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)融合的功能模型和結(jié)構(gòu)模型進(jìn)行著重介紹,本文主要針對(duì)檢測(cè)融合結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行研究。多傳感器檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)通常采用集中式和分布式兩種檢測(cè)結(jié)構(gòu),本文對(duì)基于兩種檢測(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)的目標(biāo)檢測(cè)問題分別進(jìn)行了分析研究。2.介紹了多傳感器目標(biāo)檢測(cè)的基礎(chǔ)理論,包括二元假設(shè)檢驗(yàn)問題、貝葉斯準(zhǔn)則和Neyman-Pearson準(zhǔn)則,這是論文的理論基礎(chǔ)。然后分析了兩種經(jīng)典的分布式目標(biāo)檢測(cè)融合規(guī)則,Chair-Varshney融合規(guī)則和CountingRule,并通過仿真對(duì)比了兩種融合規(guī)則的檢測(cè)性能。3.研究了一種基于順序傳輸?shù)膫鞲衅鬟x擇策略,傳統(tǒng)的集中式目標(biāo)檢測(cè)中,監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)域內(nèi)的所有傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)需要將接收觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送至融合中心,通信開銷較大。文章從減少參與判決傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)量進(jìn)而減少通信開銷的角度分析了一種基于順序傳輸?shù)募惺侥繕?biāo)檢測(cè)策略。通過該策略,融合中心僅利用監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)域內(nèi)的部分傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)就能進(jìn)行判決,從而減少通信開銷和能量消耗。4.基于可靠性理論中的Bathtub-Shaped失效率,進(jìn)一步研究了無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)存在失效傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)的分布式目標(biāo)檢測(cè)問題。雖然考慮Bathtub-Shaped失效率的并行拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)于經(jīng)典的Chair-Varshney融合規(guī)則,但當(dāng)存在大量失效傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)時(shí),并行拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的檢測(cè)性能下降較快。針對(duì)這一問題,利用目標(biāo)輻射能量衰減模型,文章給出了一種基于目標(biāo)輻射能量的串行目標(biāo)檢測(cè)融合結(jié)構(gòu),并推導(dǎo)了相應(yīng)的決策融合規(guī)則,最后通過仿真對(duì)比所提融合規(guī)則與考慮傳感器失效率的并行拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的檢測(cè)性能。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless network composed of a large number of spatial distributed autonomous devices. It usually uses sensor nodes located in different locations to cooperate with each other to monitor a physical or environmental condition. The past 20 years have evolved from a theoretical concept to a new modern technology. As a specific application of wireless sensor networks, target detection can be used in military command, medical diagnosis and weather prediction. In recent years, data fusion technology has been applied to target detection, which greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of target detection. In this paper, the problem of target detection in wireless sensor networks based on data fusion is studied. The main work is as follows: 1. The related contents of wireless sensor network and data fusion technology are introduced, and the function model and structure model of data fusion are emphatically introduced. Multi-sensor detection systems usually use centralized and distributed detection structures. In this paper, the target detection problem based on two detection structures is analyzed and studied respectively. This paper introduces the basic theory of multi-sensor target detection, including binary hypothesis test, Bayesian criterion and Neyman-Pearson criterion, which is the theoretical basis of this paper. Then, two classical fusion rules of distributed target detection, Chairperson Varshney fusion rule and CountingRule, are analyzed, and the detection performance of the two fusion rules is compared by simulation. 3. A sensor selection strategy based on sequential transmission is studied. In the traditional centralized target detection, all sensor nodes in the monitoring area need to send the received observation data to the fusion center, and the communication overhead is high. This paper analyzes a centralized target detection strategy based on sequential transmission from the point of view of reducing the number of nodes involved in the decision sensor and thus reducing the communication overhead. Through this strategy, the fusion center can use only some sensor nodes in the monitoring area to make decision, thus reducing communication overhead and energy consumption. Based on the failure rate of Bathtub-Shaped in reliability theory, the distributed target detection problem with invalid sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks is further studied. Although the parallel topology considering the failure rate of Bathtub-Shaped is superior to the classical Chair-Varshney fusion rule, the detection performance of the parallel topology decreases rapidly when there are a large number of failed sensor nodes. In order to solve this problem, a serial target detection fusion structure based on target radiation energy is presented by using the radiation energy attenuation model of the target, and the corresponding decision fusion rules are derived. Finally, the performance of the proposed fusion rule and the parallel topology considering the sensor failure rate are compared by simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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本文編號(hào)：2260567