基于麥克風陣列的遠場聲源目標定位技術研究
[Abstract]:With the development of signal processing technology, sound source location based on microphone array has become a hotspot in this field. It has wide application prospect and important application value in military, traffic, intelligent robot and so on. In this paper, a signal acquisition experiment platform based on microphone array is designed. The hardware platform is composed of a microphone array NI-9234 data acquisition card and a computer. The sound signal from the sound source target is converted from microphone to voltage signal. The data acquisition card converts the collected analog signal into digital signal and transmits it to the computer through the network port in order to study and process it. On the basis of building a signal acquisition platform, the sound source location technology based on microphone array is deeply studied. Firstly, the traditional method of using microphone array to determine sound source location is compared and analyzed. The method of acoustic source location based on time delay estimation is determined. Secondly, the acquired sound signal is preprocessed by filtering, windowing and endpoint detection, so that it can meet the requirements of the time delay estimation algorithm. Then the method of time delay estimation is studied systematically. By analyzing and comparing several time delay estimation algorithms and weighting functions, it is found that the peak value of phase transform (PHAT) weighted generalized cross-correlation time delay estimation algorithm is more obvious than other ordinary algorithms. The ability of anti-noise is stronger, and the PHAT weighting function is improved to be more suitable for the external environment studied in this paper and the single sound source. Finally, the algorithm of TDOA is studied, and the situation of TDOA in 2D plane and 3D space is analyzed and simulated to determine the feasibility of the method. On the basis of theoretical research, an experimental verification software system for target location of sound source is developed, and the simulation and actual test are carried out, and the results of simulation and measurement are compared. The results show that the method proposed in this paper can locate the far-field sound source target and achieve the desired accuracy. The algorithm is simple and the computation is small. It is found that the positioning accuracy can be improved by parabola fitting interpolation method increasing sampling rate temperature compensation method and increasing the number of microphone array elements. On this basis the error of sound source positioning system is analyzed.
【學位授予單位】:沈陽理工大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:TN912.3
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