【摘要】：毫米波微帶天線因其波長(zhǎng)短、頻帶寬、尺寸小等優(yōu)點(diǎn),自產(chǎn)生之日起,就受到世界各國(guó)研究人員的廣泛關(guān)注,特別是在航天飛行器以及雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)的天線設(shè)計(jì)中,毫米波微帶天線更是扮演著重要的角色。由于雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)要求能夠測(cè)量寬角度,這需要在同一時(shí)間形成多波束的天線,以便快速跟蹤。因此,天線的智能波束控制特性成為時(shí)下研究的熱點(diǎn)與重點(diǎn)�？芍貥�(gòu)天線作為一種新型的天線,與傳統(tǒng)天線相比具有尺寸小、重量輕、利于實(shí)現(xiàn)多樣化等優(yōu)點(diǎn),因而釋放出了天線新的設(shè)計(jì)自由度,極大地?cái)U(kuò)展了傳統(tǒng)天線及陣列設(shè)計(jì)空間,為提升天線及陣列特性提供了巨大的潛能和廣闊的發(fā)展前景。本論文基于上述研究背景,以可重構(gòu)天線和基片集成同軸線理論為研究基礎(chǔ),以多波束陣列天線為研究方向,設(shè)計(jì)并優(yōu)化了基于柔性材料液晶高分子聚合物(LCP)的Q波段微帶可重構(gòu)陣列天線以及基于基片集成同軸線(SICL)Butler matrix的低副瓣多波束陣列天線,具體工作主要包含以下幾個(gè)方面:(1)設(shè)計(jì)了一款工作在Q波段的4×5微帶陣列可重構(gòu)天線。結(jié)構(gòu)包括基于PIN管控制的開(kāi)關(guān)電路,兩路一分二饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)和四列串聯(lián)饋電天線單元,每列天線單元包括5個(gè)矩形微帶貼片天線,由于傳統(tǒng)的并聯(lián)饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò)在頻率較高時(shí)具有較高的插入損耗,所以這種串聯(lián)/并聯(lián)混合饋電結(jié)構(gòu)在一定程度上改善了插入損耗。(2)研究了基片集成同軸線(SICL)的基本原理,仿真設(shè)計(jì)了背面接地的共面波導(dǎo)(GCPW)到SICL的轉(zhuǎn)接器。并在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了SICL的3dB定向耦合器和交叉耦合器結(jié)構(gòu),并給出了相關(guān)的仿真數(shù)據(jù)分析。與此同時(shí),也利用SICL傳輸特性仿真設(shè)計(jì)了該結(jié)構(gòu)的縫隙陣列天線。(3)設(shè)計(jì)了一款工作在Ka波段的SICL 4×8 Butler matrix波束成形網(wǎng)絡(luò)。傳統(tǒng)4×4 Butler matrix波束成形網(wǎng)絡(luò)輸出4路等幅信號(hào),該結(jié)構(gòu)不利于天線的低副瓣設(shè)計(jì),因而在4個(gè)輸出端口分別級(jí)聯(lián)了SICL T形不等分功率分配器,為后續(xù)低副瓣天線的設(shè)計(jì)做準(zhǔn)備。(4)設(shè)計(jì)了一款工作在Ka波段的SICL低副瓣陣列天線。該天線陣列由8列SICL結(jié)構(gòu)縫隙天線子陣列組成,利用交叉耦合器并結(jié)合(3)中的饋電網(wǎng)絡(luò),通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)合適的功分比,使8路輸出信號(hào)幅度由中心向兩邊遞減,形成錐削分布將整個(gè)陣列天線的副瓣電平壓低,仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該多波束天線在4個(gè)波束偏轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)均能保持SLL-15dB。
[Abstract]:Millimeter-wave microstrip antenna has been widely concerned by researchers all over the world since it was produced because of its advantages of short wavelength, frequency bandwidth and small size, especially in the antenna design of aerospace vehicles and radar systems. Millimeter wave microstrip antenna plays an important role. Since radar systems require the ability to measure wide angles, multi-beam antennas need to be formed at the same time for fast tracking. Therefore, the smart beam control characteristics of antenna has become the focus of research. As a new type of antenna, reconfigurable antenna has the advantages of smaller size, lighter weight and more diversity than the traditional antenna. Therefore, the new design degree of freedom of antenna is released, and the design space of traditional antenna and array is greatly expanded. It provides great potential and broad development prospect for improving antenna and array characteristics. Based on the above research background, this thesis is based on the theory of reconfigurable antenna and substrate integrated coaxial line, and takes the multi-beam array antenna as the research direction. Q-band microstrip reconfigurable array antenna based on flexible liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) and low-sidelobe multi-beam array antenna based on substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) Butler matrix are designed and optimized. The main work includes the following aspects: (1) A 4 脳 5 microstrip array reconfigurable antenna working in Q band is designed. The structure includes a switching circuit based on PIN tube control, a two-channel one-two-feed network and a four-column series feed antenna unit, each of which includes five rectangular microstrip patch antennas. Because the traditional shunt feed network has high insertion loss when the frequency is high, the series / parallel hybrid feed structure improves the insertion loss to some extent. (2) the basic principle of the substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) is studied. A coplanar waveguide (GCPW) to SICL is simulated and designed. On this basis, the 3dB directional coupler and cross coupler structure of SICL are designed, and the related simulation data analysis is given. At the same time, the slot array antenna is simulated and designed by using the SICL transmission characteristics. (3) A SICL 4 脳 8 Butler matrix beamforming network operating in the Ka band is designed. The conventional 4 脳 4 Butler matrix beamforming network outputs four equal amplitude signals, which is not conducive to the low sidelobe design of the antenna, so the SICL T-shaped unequal power divider is cascaded at the four output ports. Preparation for the subsequent design of low sidelobe antennas. (4) A SICL low sidelobe array antenna working in Ka band is designed. The antenna array is composed of 8 rows of slot antenna arrays with SICL structure. By using cross coupler and combining with the feed network in (3), the amplitude of 8 output signals is decreased from center to either side by designing appropriate power distribution ratio. The sidelobe level of the whole array antenna is depressed by conical distribution. The simulation results show that the multi-beam antenna can maintain SLL-15dB. when the four beams are deflected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN820

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 楊雪松,王秉中;可重構(gòu)天線的研究進(jìn)展[J];系統(tǒng)工程與電子技術(shù);2003年04期

2 方大綱，陶玉明，龍毅，劉邁，李艷茹，，姚平;8mm邊饋式微帶天線陣研究[J];電波科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);1995年Z1期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 黃明;多波束透鏡天線理論與應(yīng)用技術(shù)研究[D];電子科技大學(xué);2014年

2 陳春紅;基于Butler矩陣的雙頻雙極化多波束天線關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究[D];南京理工大學(xué);2012年

3 肖紹球;平面型可重構(gòu)天線研究[D];電子科技大學(xué);2003年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 單龍;微帶陣列天線的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)[D];南京信息工程大學(xué);2014年

2 侯甲;微帶平面陣列天線的設(shè)計(jì)[D];西安電子科技大學(xué);2014年

3 曹誕;K波段微帶陣列天線研究[D];西安電子科技大學(xué);2014年

4 彭政諭;陣列天線波束賦形技術(shù)研究與應(yīng)用[D];浙江大學(xué);2014年

5 陳長(zhǎng)富;Ku波段高增益微帶陣列天線研究與設(shè)計(jì)[D];吉林大學(xué);2013年

6 李向芹;天線副瓣對(duì)輻射計(jì)的影響及低副瓣天線設(shè)計(jì)[D];南京理工大學(xué);2013年

7 文樂(lè)虎;Ku波段微帶陣列天線技術(shù)研究[D];西安電子科技大學(xué);2011年

8 齊磊;低副瓣微波矩形波導(dǎo)縫隙天線的研究[D];南京理工大學(xué);2009年

9 姚罡;微帶貼片天線陣列的研究與設(shè)計(jì)[D];大連海事大學(xué);2008年

10 江莉;微帶陣列天線互耦抑制技術(shù)的研究[D];電子科技大學(xué);2008年

本文編號(hào)：2241984